Southern Hemisphere

The Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth's surface that is south of the equator.

It contains four continents (Africa, Australia, most of South America and Antarctica) and four oceans (South Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Antarctic).

Summer occurs from December to February and winter from June to August.

This region has historically been seen as less developed and poorer than the Northern Hemisphere. However, the Southern Hemisphere is also significantly less polluted than the Northern Hemisphere due to lower overall population densities, lower levels of industrialisation, and smaller land masses across the southern temperate zone.

In the Southern Hemisphere the sun passes from East to West in the North. This generally causes sun-cast shadows to turn anticlockwise through the day.

The South Pole is oriented towards the galactic centre, and this, combined with clearer skies makes for excellent viewing of the night sky from the Southern Hemisphere.

Continents and countries

Continents in the southern hemisphere:

Countries primarily in the southern hemisphere that are in Africa:

Countries primarily in the southern hemisphere that are in Asia:

Indonesia

Countries primarily in the southern hemisphere that are in Australasia and Oceania:

Countries in the southern hemisphere that are in South America:

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Southern Hemisphere

Continents and countries

See also