September 1

September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). There are 121 days remaining.

Events

• 5509 BC – The world was created, according to the Byzantine Empire.
• 327 – start of first indiction cycle
• 1644 – Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause
• 1715 – King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years — longer than any major European monarch.
• 1772 – Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
• 1804 – Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.
• 1807 – Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason. He had been accused of plotting to annex parts of Louisiana and Mexico to become part of an independent republic.
• 1836 – Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly – Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege mounted by Union General William T. Sherman.
• 1875 – A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
• 1894 – Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.
• 1897 – The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.
• 1905 – Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.
• 1906 – the International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys (FICPI) is established.
• 1914 – St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
• 1914 – The last Passenger Pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
• 1923 – An earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing about 100,000 people. See Great Kanto earthquake for details.
• 1928 – Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
• 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Polish September Campaign.)
• 1951 – The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New Zealand, United States").
• 1954 – Paul "Bear" Bryant opens his infamous 10 day football mini-camp in Junction, Texas. The "survivors" of the ordeal will go down in football lore as The Junction Boys.
• 1960 – Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company.
• 1962 – Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Islands.
• 1969 – A coup in Libya brings Col. Moammar Qaddafi to power, ousting King Idris I.
• 1970 – The last episode of the television sitcom I Dream of Jeannie airs on NBC. The show premiered on September 18, 1965.
• 1972 – In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.
• 1979 – The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
• 1983 – Cold War: Korean Air Flight KAL-007 shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft entered Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die.
• 1985 – A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.
• 1991 – The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is released in North America.
• 1991 – Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union
• 1999 – A LAPA Boeing 737-200 crashes during takeoff from Jorge Newbury Airport in Buenos Aires, killing 74, including 10 on the ground.
• 2001 – In the largest media market change in North American television history, every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000.

Births

• 1557 – Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)
• 1653 – Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1706)
• 1711 – William Boyce, English composer (d. 1779)
• 1854 – Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (d. 1921)
• 1875 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer (d. 1950)
• 1887 – Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (d. 1961)
• 1888 – Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician, WHO diplomat (d. 1958)
• 1889 – Richard Arlen, American actor (d. 1976)
• 1905 – Elvera Sanchez, Puerto Rican dancer
• 1906 – Joaquín Balaguer, Dominican politician and president
• 1907 – Walter Reuther, American labor union leader (d. 1970)
• 1913 – Christian Nyby, American director, film editor (d. 1993)
• 1920 – Richard Farnsworth, American actor (d. 2000)
• 1921 – Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (d. 1995)
• 1922 – Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian actress
• 1922  – Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor (d. 2000)
• 1923 – Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
• 1928 – George Maharis, actor
• 1933 – Ann W. Richards, American politician
• 1933  – Conway Twitty, American country music singer (d. 1993)
• 1935 – Seiji Ozawa, Japanese conductor
• 1939 – Lily Tomlin, American actress, comedienne
• 1944 – Leonard Slatkin, American conductor
• 1946 – Barry Gibb, Manx-Australian singer
• 1947 – Al Green, American politician
• 1949 – P.A. Sangma, Indian politician
• 1951 – Nicu Ceausescu, Romanian politician; son of Nicolae Ceausescu.
• 1952 – Phil Hendrie, radio personality
• 1955 – Billy Blanks, American martial arts expert
• 1955 – Bruce Foxton, English bassist (The Jam)
• 1957 – Gloria Estefan, Cuban singer
• 1962 – Ruud Gullit, Dutch footballer
• 1966 – Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
• 1970 – Vanna, Croatian singer
• 1977 – Aaron Schobel, American football player
• 1981 – Clinton Portis, American football player
• 1985 – Ciara-Camile Roque Velasco, American singer

Deaths

• 921 – Richard of Autun, Duke of Burgundy
• 1067 – Baldwin V of Flanders
• 1159 – Pope Adrian IV
• 1574 – Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (b. 1479)
• 1581 – Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (b. 1534)
• 1648 – Marin Mersenne, mathematician (b. 1588)
• 1715 – Louis XIV, King of France (b. 1638)
• 1914 – Martha, last passenger pigeon
• 1957 – Dennis Brain, English French horn player (b. 1921)
• 1967 – Ilse Koch, wife of Karl Koch, commandant of the concentration camp Buchenwald (b. 1906)
• 1967 – Siegfried Sassoon, English poet and author
• 1969 – Drew Pearson, American newspaper columnist (b. 1897)
• 1970 – Francois Mauriac, French author (b. 1885)
• 1977 – Ethel Waters, American singer, actress (b. 1896)
• 1981 – Albert Speer, Nazi official (b. 1905)
• 1983 – Henry M. Jackson, Senator from Washington (b. 1912)
• 1989 – A. Bartlett Giamatti, American baseball commissioner (b. 1938)
• 2003 – Sir Terry Frost, British artist (b. 1915)

Holidays

• In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the new liturgical year begins on September 1.

External links

• BBC: On This Day

August 31 – September 2 – August 1 – October 1 – more historical anniversaries