Scrophulariaceae
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| Scrophularia nodosa | ||||||||||
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Scrophulariaceae, the figwort family, is a family of plants. In the past it was treated as comprising about 220–300 genera and about 4000–4500 species, but many of these have recently been transferred to other families (Olmstead et al., 2001; Olmstead, 2003). They have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.
The family includes some medicinal plants, among them:
- Leptandra, Black root, Culver's root, Leptandra)
- Rehmannia, Chinese foxglove, used in Traditional Chinese medicine
- Scrophularia, figworts
- Verbascum, mulleins
Genera
- Agalinis Raf. — false foxglove
- Alectra Thunb.
- Aureolaria Raf. — false foxglove
- Brachystigma Pennell — desert foxglove
- Buchnera L. — bluehearts
- Buddleja — butterfly-bush
- Capraria L.
- Dasistoma Raf.
- Diplacus Nutt. — bush monkeyflower
- Gerardia
- Hemianthus Nutt.
- Ilysanthes
- Lathraea L. — e.g., Toothwort
- Lendneria Minod
- Leptandra — Black root, Culver's root, Leptandra)
- Leucospora Nutt.
- Macranthera Nutt. Bellardia trixago
- Mimetanthe Greene
- Myoporum
- Rehmannia Libosch.
- Schwalbea L. — schwalbea
- Scrophularia L. — figwort
- Seymeria Pursh — black senna
- Striga Lour. — witchweed
- Tomanthera
- Torenia L.
- Verbascum L. — mullein
and many more.
The following genera, traditionally included in the Scrophulariaceae, have now been transferred by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group to other families on genetic evidence:
- Amphianthus -> Plantaginaceae
- Angelonia -> Plantaginaceae
- Antirrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
- Bacopa -> Plantaginaceae
- Bartsia -> Orobanchaceae
- Bellardia -> Orobanchaceae
- Besseya -> Plantaginaceae
- Calceolaria -> Calceolariaceae
- Castilleja -> Orobanchaceae
- Chaenorrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
- Chelone -> Plantaginaceae
- Chionophila -> Plantaginaceae
- Collinsia -> Plantaginaceae
- Cordylanthus -> Orobanchaceae
- Cymbalaria -> Plantaginaceae
- Digitalis -> Plantaginaceae
- Dopatrium -> Plantaginaceae
- Epixiphium -> Plantaginaceae
- Euphrasia -> Orobanchaceae
- Galvezia -> Plantaginaceae
- Gambelia -> Plantaginaceae
- Glossostigma -> Phrymaceae
- Gratiola -> Plantaginaceae
- Hebe -> Plantaginaceae
- Holmgrenanthe -> Plantaginaceae
- Howelliella -> Plantaginaceae
- Keckiella -> Plantaginaceae
- Kickxia -> Plantaginaceae
- Lagotis -> Plantaginaceae
- Leucophyllum -> Plantaginaceae
- Limnophila -> Plantaginaceae
- Limosella -> Plantaginaceae
- Linaria -> Plantaginaceae
- Lindernia -> Plantaginaceae
- Lophospermum -> Plantaginaceae
- Mabrya -> Plantaginaceae
- Maurandella -> Plantaginaceae
- Maurandya -> Plantaginaceae
- Mazus -> Phrymaceae
- Mecardonia -> Plantaginaceae
- Melampyrum -> Orobanchaceae
- Micranthemum -> Plantaginaceae
- Mimulus -> Phrymaceae
- Misopates -> Plantaginaceae
- Mohavea -> Plantaginaceae
- Nemesia -> Plantaginaceae
- Neogaerrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
- Nothochelone -> Plantaginaceae
- Nuttallanthus -> Plantaginaceae
- Odontites -> Orobanchaceae
- Orobanche -> Orobanchaceae
- Orthocarpus -> Orobanchaceae
- Parentucellia -> Orobanchaceae
- Pedicularis -> Orobanchaceae
- Paulownia -> Paulowniaceae
- Penstemon -> Plantaginaceae
- Pseudorontium -> Plantaginaceae
- Rhinanthus -> Orobanchaceae
- Russelia -> Plantaginaceae
- Sairocarpus -> Plantaginaceae
- Schistophragma -> Plantaginaceae
- Scoparia -> Plantaginaceae
- Stemodia -> Plantaginaceae
- Synthyris -> Plantaginaceae
- Tonella -> Plantaginaceae
- Triphysaria -> Orobanchaceae
- Veronica -> Plantaginaceae
- Veronicastrum -> Plantaginaceae
References
- Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88: 348–361 – on line here.
- Olmstead, R. G. 2003. Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae? Fremontia 30: 13–22.
External links
Categories: Plant families | Lamiales