RuleML
Rule Markup Language (RuleML) is defined by the Rule Markup Initiative in permitting both forward (bottom-up) and backward (top-down) rules in XML for deduction, rewriting, and further inferential-transformational tasks.
Markup standards and initiatives related to RuleML include:
- Mathematical Markup Language (MathML): However, MathML's Content Markup is better suited for defining functions rather than relations or general rules
- DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML): While the contributing SHOE project has permitted Horn rules and a DAML-RULES is planned, the current DAML+OIL (March 2001) does not yet include a specification of explicit inference rules
- Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML): With this XML-based language one can define and share various models for data-mining results, including association rules
- Attribute Grammars in XML (AG-markup): For AG's semantic rules, there are various possible XML markups that are similar to Horn-rule markup
- Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT): This is a restricted term-rewriting system of rules, written in XML, for transforming XML documents into other XML documents