R

Semitic Rêš (the head) developed into Greek Ρω (Rô). The sound value /r/ however was maintained in Greek as well as Etruscan and Latin. The finishing stroke was added to the Greek Rho to distinguish it from a later form of the Greek Pi, at a time when there were only capital letters in Latin. It is usually one of the liquid consonants, though there are many ways it is pronounced in European languages.

In typography, there was once a form called the half r, which was lost before the long s was.

Romeo represents the letter R in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In international Morse code the letter R is DitDahDit: · – ·

Meanings for R

• In architecture, R-value is a non-SI measure of thermal resistance used in housing insulation.
• In biochemistry, R is the symbol for arginine
• In calendars, R is often used as an abbreviation for Thursday instead of T, to avoid confusion with Tuesday
• In chemistry,
  • R denotes the gas constant
  • In organic chemistry, R is the symbol for an unspecified hydrocarbon chain
  • In stereochemistry, R (rectus) signifies clockwise arrangement of substituents around a carbon atom using the Cahn Ingold Prelog priority rules
• In chess, R is a notation symbol for the rook piece
• In the RGB colour model, R stands for the colour red
• In commerce, R with an enclosing circle, ®, denotes a registered trademark
• In computing,
  • R is the name of a statistical programming language based on S; see R programming language
  • r is sometimes used as the symbol for the rune 16-bit unit
• In driving a motor vehicle, R designates the reverse gear of a transmission
• In electrical engineering, R is often the variable for electrical resistance
• In film, R is a rating given for films given by film classification boards (such as the Motion Picture Association of America in the US); see R (rating)
  • R is a character in the James Bond film The World Is Not Enough
• In financial securities, R is the stock symbol for Ryder Systems Inc.
• In geometry, r is often a variable for the radius of a circle
• In law, R. stands for Rex (king) or Regina (queen) in court citations in countries that recognize the British monarch as head of state
• In mathematics,
  • the symbol ℛ (script capital R, Unicode $211B) represents the Riemann integral
  • the symbol ℜ (black-letter capital R, Unicode $211C) represents the real part of a complex number
  • blackboard bold <math>\mathbb{R}<math> or ℝ (double-struck capital R, Unicode $211D) represents the set of real numbers
• In navigation, R denotes the relative direction "right"; see left and right
• In physics,
  • R is the symbol for roentgen, a unit of dosage of ionising radiation
  • °R or °Ra is the symbol for the Rankine degree
  • °R or °Ré is the symbol for the Réaumur degree
  • °R or °Rø is the symbol for the Rømer degree
  • r stands for revolution in units of measure of angular velocity such as the revolution per second (rps)
• As the first letter of a postal code,
  • In Canada, R stands for Manitoba.
• In radiocommunication, R is one of the ITU prefixes allocated to Russia
• In the romanization of the Japanese language, the letter R was selected instead of the letter L for the syllables in the tenth tier of the kana, for both the Hepburn system and the Kunrei, amongst others
• In statistics,
  • R is the name of a statistical programming language based on S; see R programming language
  • r is the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient
• Douglas Adams Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy defines R as "a velocity measure, defined as a reasonable speed of travel that is consistent with health, mental wellbeing and not being more than say five minutes late."

See also

• Uvular R
• Alveolar R
• Raidô
• Я (Cyrillic Ya)