October 3

3rd October Organization is also the name of a Marxist terrorist group.

October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in Leap years). There are 89 days remaining in the year.

Events

• 2333 BC – Legendary date of the establishment of the Kingdom of Chosun (Korea)
• 42 BC – First Battle of Philippi: The Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius. Although Brutus defeats Octavian, Antony defeats Cassius.
• 1283 – Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in Wales, becomes the first person executed by drawing and quartering
• 1574 – Siege of Leiden lifted by the Watergeuzen – foundation of the first Dutch university
• 1712 – Duke of Montrose issues a warrant for the arrest of Rob Roy MacGregor
• 1739 – The Treaty of Nissa is signed by the Ottoman Empire and Russia at the end of the Russian-Turkish War, 1736–1739.
• 1789 – George Washington proclaims the first Thanksgiving Day
• 1863 – Thanksgiving Day declared as the last Thursday in November by President Abraham Lincoln.
• 1918 – King Boris III of Bulgaria takes the throne
• 1929 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia, "Land of the South Slavs".
• 1932 – Iraq gains its independence
• 1935 – Italy invades Ethiopia under General de Bono (replaced November 11 by Pietro Badoglio)
• 1942 – First successful launch of A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. The rocket flew 147 kilometres wide and reached a height of 84.5 kilometres and was therefore the first man-made object reaching space.
• 1951 – New York Giants beat the Brooklyn Dodgers 5–4, winning the National League pennant, with Bobby Thomson's three-run homer called "The Shot Heard 'Round the World"
• 1952 – United Kingdom successfully tests a nuclear weapon
• 1960 – The Andy Griffith Show debuts
• 1962 – At Cape Canaveral the Mercury 8 blasts off with Astronaut Wally Schirra aboard for a nine-hour flight
• 1964 – Underdog debuts on CBS.
• 1981 – The Hunger Strike by Irish Republican Army prisoners at the Maze jail in Belfast ends after seven months and 10 deaths.
• 1990 – The re-unification of Germany. East Germany ceases to exist.
• 1993 – Battle of Mogadishu: In an attempt to capture officials of warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid's organization in Mogadishu, Somalia, 18 US Army Rangers and about 2000 Somalis are killed. US forces withdraw from Somalia shortly thereafter.
• 1995 – O. J. Simpson found not guilty of murder.
• 2004 – The Montreal Expos play their last major league baseball game before the franchise is moved to Washington, D.C.

Births

• 1797 – Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1870)
• 1804 – Allan Kardec, French founder of Spiritism or Kardecism (d. 1869)
• 1806 – Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (d. 1850)
• 1862 – Johnny Briggs, English cricketer (d. 1902)
• 1873 – Emily Post, American etiquette advisor (d. 1960)
• 1880 – Warner Oland, Swedish-American actor (d. 1938)
• 1885 – Sophie Treadwell, American playwright and journalist (d. 1970)
• 1894 – Elmer Robinson, American politician (d. 1982)
• 1897 – Louis Aragon, French writer (d. 1982)
• 1898 – Leo McCarey, American movie director (d. 1969)
• 1899 – Gertrude Berg, American actress (d. 1966)
• 1900 – Thomas Wolfe, author (d. 1938)
• 1916 – James Herriot, veterinarian, author (d. 1995)
• 1919 – James M. Buchanan, American economist
• 1925 – Gore Vidal, American author
• 1936 – Steve Reich, American composer
• 1938 – Eddie Cochran, singer (d. 1960)
• 1941 – Chubby Checker, American popular musician
• 1947 – John Perry Barlow, American musician
• 1949 – Lindsey Buckingham, musician
• 1950 – Pamela Hensley, actress
• 1951 – Keb' Mo', blues singer
• 1951  – Dave Winfield, Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1954 – Dennis Eckersley, Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1954  – Al Sharpton, minister, politician
• 1954  – Stevie Ray Vaughan, guitarist (d. 1990)
• 1959 – Fred Couples, American golfer
• 1962 – Tommy Lee, American rock musician
• 1965 – Jan-Ove Waldner, Swedish table tennis player
• 1969 – Gwen Stefani, singer, No Doubt frontwoman
• 1973 – Neve Campbell, Canadian actress
• 1976 – Seann William Scott, actor
• 1981 – Zlatan Ibrahimovic, soccer player
• 1981  – Andreas Isaksson, soccer player

Deaths

• 42 BC – Gaius Cassius Longinus
• 1226 – Saint Francis of Assisi (b. c. 1182)
• 1283 – David ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in Wales, executed
• 1369 – Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol (b. 1318)
• 1568 – Elizabeth of Valois, Queen of Philip II of Spain (b. 1545)
• 1873 – Captain Jack, Modoc tribal leader
• 1881 – Orson Pratt, American religious leader (b. 1811)
• 1890 – Joseph Hergenröther German church historian (b. 1824)
• 1897 – Saint Therese of Liseaux (b. 1873)
• 1931 – Carl Nielsen, Danish composer (b. 1865)
• 1936 – John Heisman, American football coach (b. 1869)
• 1939 – Fay Templeton, actress & singer in musical comedy (b. 1865)
• 1953 – Arnold Bax, composer (b. 1883)
• 1965 – Zachary Scott, actor
• 1967 – Woody Guthrie, American folk musician (b. 1912)
• 1967 – Malcolm Sargent, English conductor (b. 1895)
• 1987 – Jean Anouilh, French writer (b. 1910)
• 1987  – Kalervo Palsa, Finnish artist (b. 1947)
• 1990 – General Curtis LeMay, United States Air Force officer, candidate for Vice President of the United States (b. 1906)
• 1998 – Roddy McDowall, actor (b. 1928)
• 1999 – Akio Morita, co-founder of Sony (b. 1921)
• 2000 – Benjamin Orr, bassist and part-time lead singer for The Cars (b. 1947)
• 2002 – Bruce Paltrow, television and film producer
• 2003 – William Steig, American cartoonist and children's author; creator of Shrek
• 2004 – Janet Leigh, actress (b. 1927)

Holidays

• Germany – German Unity Day
• South Korea – National Foundation Day (Gaecheonjeol 개천절)

External links

• BBC: On This Day

October 2 – October 4 – September 3 – November 3 – more historical anniversaries