November 8

November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining.

Template:NovemberCalendar2009

Events

• 1519 – Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great pomp as would befit a returning god.
• 1520 – Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 persons.
• 1576 – Eighty Years' War: Pacification of Ghent – The States-General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.
• 1602 – The Bodleian Library at Oxford University is opened to the public.
• 1620 – The Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the Thirty Years' War, takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
• 1793 – In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum.
• 1837 – Formation of Mount Holyoke Seminary, first US college founded for women
• 1861 – American Civil War: The "Trent Affair" – The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mailship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
• 1864 – U.S. presidential election, 1864: Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory over George McClellan.
• 1889 – Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.
• 1892 – U.S. presidential election, 1892: Grover Cleveland is elected over Benjamin Harrison and James B. Weaver to win the second of his non-consecutive terms.
• 1895 – While experimenting with electricity Wilhelm Röntgen discovers x-rays.
• 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.
• 1932 – U.S. presidential election, 1932: Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
• 1933 – Great Depression: New Deal – US President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.
• 1935 – A dozen labor leaders come together to announce the creation of the Congress for Industrial Organization (CIO), an organization charged with pushing the cause for industrial unionism.
• 1935 – Fernand Bouisson becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1937 – The Nazi exhibition Der ewige Jude ("the eternal Jew") opens in Munich.
• 1939 – Venlo Incident: Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.
• 1939 – In Munich, Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes an assassination attempt while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.
• 1942 – World War II: Operation Torch – United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
• 1950 – Korean War: United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dog fight in history.
• 1960 – U.S. presidential election, 1960: John F. Kennedy is elected over Richard M. Nixon, becoming the youngest man elected to that office.
• 1965 – The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands.
• 1965 – The soap opera Days of Our Lives debuts on NBC in the United States.
• 1966 – Former Massachusetts Attorney General Edward Brooke becomes the first African American elected to the United States Senate.
• 1973 – The right ear of John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million USD.
• 1974 – In Salt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killer Ted Bundy.
• 1987 – Enniskillen massacre: In Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, an Irish Republican Army bomb explodes, at a ceremony honoring Britain's war dead, killing eleven people.
• 1988 – U.S. presidential election, 1988: George H. W. Bush is elected over Michael Dukakis.
• 1991 – Sonny Bono is elected to the U.S. Congress; at the same time, Marion Barry is reelected mayor of Washington, D.C..
• 1994 – For the first time in 40 years the United States Republican Party takes control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate in midterm congressional elections.
• 1997 – US president Bill Clinton speaks at a dinner sponsored by the Human Rights Campaign, the USA's largest gay rights organisation.
• 1997 – A newborn baby is found at a toilet in Walt Disney World's "Magic Kingdom"; the mother remains unknown.
• 2002 – Iraq disarmament crisis: UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
• 2004 – War in Iraq: More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.

Births

• 35 – Nerva, Roman emperor
• 1622 – Charles X Gustav, king of Sweden
• 1656 – Edmond Halley, British astronomer, mathematician (birthday according to the Gregorian calendar)
• 1836 – Milton Bradley, manufacturer, lithographer, game maker (d. 1911)
• 1847 – Bram Stoker, Irish novelist (Dracula) (d. 1912)
• 1848 – Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician
• 1866 – Herbert Austin, automobile pioneer (Austin-Healey)
• 1868 – Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (d. 1942)
• 1883 – Arnold Bax, composer
• 1884 – Hermann Rorschach, psychiatrist
• 1893 – Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist and composer (d. 1965)
• 1896 – Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1977)
• 1898 – Marie Prevost, actress (d. 1937)
• 1900 – Margaret Mitchell, American author (d. 1949)
• 1900 – Charlie Paddock, American athlete
• 1904 – Cedric Belfrage writer, socialist
• 1907 – Katharine Hepburn actress (d. 2003)
• 1908 – Martha Gellhorn, American writer and journalist (d. 1998)
• 1914 – Norman Lloyd, actor
• 1918 – Hermann Zapf, German designer
• 1919 – P.L. Deshpande, Indian author
• 1920 – Esther Rolle, actress (d. 1998)
• 1922 – Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon
• 1927 – Patti Page, singer
• 1927 – Nguyen Khanh, Prime Minister of South Vietnam
• 1927/1929 – Lal Krishna Advani, Indian politician
• 1931 – Morley Safer, journalist
• 1931 – Darla Hood, actress (d. 1979)
• 1935 – Alain Delon, actor
• 1942 – Angel Cordero Jr., horse racing jockey
• 1949 – Bonnie Raitt, American singer
• 1953 – Alfre Woodard, actress
• 1954 – Jeanette McGruder, musician (P Funk)
• 1954 – Rickie Lee Jones, singer, composer
• 1967 – Courtney Thorne-Smith, actress
• 1968 – Parker Posey, actress
• 1968 – Zara Whites, Dutch porn actress
• 2000 – Madison Poer, actress
• 2000 – Marissa Poer, actress
• 2003 – Lady Louise Windsor, daughter of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex

Deaths

• 911 – Louis the Child, last Carolingian ruler of the East Franks
• 955 – Pope Agapetus II
• 1226 – Louis VIII of France (b. 1187)
• 1308 – Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher
• 1674 – John Milton, English poet (b. 1608)
• 1719 – Michel Rolle, mathematician (b. 1652)
• 1887 – Doc Holliday, American gambler and gunfighter (b. 1851)
• 1890 – César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (b. 1822)
• 1917 – Colin Blythe, English cricketer (b. 1879)
• 1945 – August von Mackensen, German Field Marshal (b. 1849)
• 1953 – Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Russian writer (b. 1870)
• 1953 – John van Melle, South African author
• 1977 – Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1896)
• 1978 – Norman Rockwell, American illustrator
• 1986 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet politician
• 1998 – Jean Marais, actor
• 2002 – Rudolf Noelte, theatre director
• 2002 – Jost Schillemeit, literature researcher

1990 – Riley Scoville, Actor

Holidays and observances

External links

• BBC: On This Day

November 7 – November 9 – October 8 – December 8 — listing of all dates