November 11

November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining.

Events

• 1215 – The Fourth Lateran Council meets, adopting the doctrine of transubstantiation, meaning that bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ.
• 1620 – In what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod, the Mayflower Compact is signed on the Mayflower, establishing the basic laws for the Plymouth Colony.
• 1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes "An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery" (anal sex).
• 1648 – France and the Netherlands agree to divide the island of Sint Maarten/Saint Martin.
• 1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the y=x function.
• 1675 – Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
• 1831 – In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
• 1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea – Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
• 1865 — Treaty of Sinchula is signed in which Bhutan ceded the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
• 1880 – Australian bushranger and bank robber Ned Kelly is hung in Melbourne.
• 1887 – Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal starts at Eastham.
• 1889 – Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state.
• 1911 – Many cities in the midwest broke their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through. (see The 11/11/11 cold wave).
• 1918 – World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France.
• 1918 – Józef Piłsudski comes to Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in Poland.
• 1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria abdicates.
• 1919 – The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the IWW.
• 1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
• 1930 – Patent number US1781541 was awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein Refrigerator.
• 1933 – Dust Bowl: In South Dakota, a very strong dust storm strips topsoil from desiccated farmlands.
• 1940 – World War II: Battle of Taranto – The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
• 1940 – The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.
• 1940 – Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected blizzard kills 144 in U.S. Midwest.
• 1942 – Road to Morocco, starring Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, and Dorothy Lamour, premieres.
• 1965 – Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe) was declared independent by the white minority regime of Ian Smith.
• 1966 – NASA launches spaceship Gemini 12.
• 1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal was to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
• 1968 – A second republic is declared in the Maldives.
• 1969 – Jim Morrison (The Doors) is arrested by the FBI after repeatedly prodding a stewardess.
• 1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
• 1975 – Angola becomes independent from Portugal.
• 1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister.
• 1978 – Maumoon Abdul Gayoom succeeded Ibrahim Nasir as the president of the Republic of Maldives. He has since been re-elected for six consecutive 5-year terms.
• 1978 – A renovated Hollywood sign is unveiled, replacing the older version that was built in 1923.
• 1986 – Sperry Rand and Burroughs merge to form Unisys, becoming the second largest computer company.
• 1988 – In Sacramento, California, police find a body buried in the lawn of 60-year-old boardinghouse landlady Dorothea Puente .
• 1992 – The Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
• 1997 – Mary McAleese inaugurated the eighth President of Ireland.
• 1997 – Marianne Biancuzzo is charged for drowning her newborn baby in a toilet and hiding the remains in a coffee can in Tucson, Arizona.
• 2000 – In Kaprun, Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.
• 2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington
• 2004 – Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization minutes after the death of Yasser Arafat.
• 2004 – Official Guided by Voices Day in San Diego, California.
• 2004 – Mary McAleese inaugurated for a second term as President of Ireland.

Births

• 1050 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)
• 1154 – King Sancho I of Portugal (d. 1212)
• 1155 – King Alfonso VIII of Castile (d. 1214)
• 1493 – Paracelsus, Swiss physician and scientist (d. 1541)
• 1633 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, British statesman (d. 1695)
• 1668 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (d. 1736)
• 1744 – Abigail Adams, First Lady of the United States (d. 1818)
• 1748 – King Charles IV of Spain (d. 1819)
• 1791 – Josef Munzinger, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1855)
• 1792 – Mary Anne Evans, English wife of Benjamin Disraeli (d. 1872)
• 1810 – Alfred de Musset, French dramatist, poet, and novelist (d. 1857)
• 1821 – Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist (d. 1881)
• 1828 – Sri Deep Narayan Mahaprabhuji, Hindu saint
• 1852 – Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Chief of Staff of the Austro-Hungarian Army (d. 1925)
• 1863 – Paul Signac, painter (d. 1935)
• 1864 – Alfred Hermann Fried, pacifist and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize 1911 (d. 1921)
• 1869 – King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (d. 1947)
• 1882 – King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)
• 1885 – George Patton, American general (d. 1945)
• 1887 – Roland Young, actor (d. 1953)
• 1889 – Clifton Webb, actor (d. 1966)
• 1891 – Rabbit Maranville, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1954)
• 1897 – Lucky Luciano, American gangster (d. 1962)
• 1901 – Magda Goebbels, German wife of Joseph Goebbels (d. 1945)
• 1901 – F. Van Wyck Mason, author
• 1903 – Sam Spiegel, film producer (d. 1985)
• 1904 – Alger Hiss, American government official and spy (d. 1994)
• 1904 – J. H. C. Whitehead, British mathematician (d. 1960)
• 1909 – Robert Ryan, actor (d. 1973)
• 1914 – Howard Fast, author (d. 2003)
• 1914 – Henry Wade, lawyer (d. 2001)
• 1915 – William Proxmire, U.S. Senator
• 1920 – Roy Jenkins, British politician (d. 2003)
• 1922 – Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., American novelist
• 1925 – June Whitfield, British comedienne
• 1925 – Jonathan Winters, comedian, actor
• 1927 – Mose Allison, jazz musician
• 1928 – LaVern Baker
• 1928 – Carlos Fuentes, Panamanian writer
• 1929 – Hans Magnus Enzensberger, poet
• 1939 – Denise Alexander, actress
• 1940 – Barbara Boxer, U.S. Senator
• 1944 – Jesse Colin Young, musician [[The Youngbloods])
• 1945 – Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua
• 1953 – Marshall Crenshaw, musician
• 1959 – Lee Haney, American body builder
• 1962 – Demi Moore, actress
• 1964 – Calista Flockhart, American actress
• 1967 – Gil de Ferran, racing driver
• 1969 – Carson Kressley, fashion expert
• 1974 – Leonardo DiCaprio, American actor
• 1985 – Kalan Porter, Canadian Idol winner

Deaths

• 397 – Martin of Tours, French saint
• 537 – St. Silverius
• 1028 – Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire
• 1130 – Teresa of Leon, illegitimate daughter of Alfonso VI of Castile and Leon (b. 1080)
• 1285 – Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)
• 1686 – Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French general (b. 1621)
• 1831 – Nat Turner, American leader of a slave rebellion (b. 1800)
• 1855 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher
• 1880 – Ned Kelly (hanged)
• 1880 – Lucretia Mott, American feminist and abolitionist (b. 1793)
• 1917 – Liliuokalani of Hawaii, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands
• 1945 – Jerome David Kern, American composer
• 1969 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
• 1974 – Alfonso Leng, Chilean composer
• 1975 – Theodosius Dobzhansky, Ukrainian geneticist
• 1976 – Alexander Calder, American artist (b. 1898)
• 1979 – Dimitri Tiomkin, composer (b. 1894)
• 1989 – Kenneth Maclean Glazier, Sr., Canadian minister, librarian, and politician
• 1995 – Corneliu Coposu, Romanian politician and dissident
• 1997 – Rodney Milburn, American athlete
• 1999 – Jacobo Timmerman, writer, journalist
• 1999 – Mary Kay Bergman, voice actor
• 2000 – Hugh Paddick, British actor
• 2004 – Yasser Arafat, President of the Palestinian Authority (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

• Poland – Independence Day (1918)
• Angola – Independence Day (1975)
• Opening of carnival season in Germany (on 11–11, at 11:11)
• The Feast of Saint Martin
• Remembrance Day in the Commonwealth of Nations
• Armistice Day in some European countries
• Veterans Day in the United States (Formerly "Armistice Day")
• South Korea – Pepero Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day

November 10 – November 12 – October 11 – December 11 — listing of all days