List of state leaders in 1868

List of state leaders in 1867 – Events of 1868 – List of state leaders in 1869 – State leaders by year

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Kofi Kakari, Asantehene (1867-1874)
• Buganda – Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856-1884)
• Bunyoro – Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852-1869)
• Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Dahomey – Glele, King of Dahomey (1856-1889)
• Ethiopia –
  1. Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1855-1868)
  2. Tekle Giyorgis II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1868-1871)
• Rwanda – Kigeri IV, King of Rwanda (1853-1895)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph – Ahmad Rufa'i, Sokoto Caliph (1867-1873)
  • Grand Vizier – Ibrahim Khalilu, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1859-c.1874)
• Zanzibar – Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1856-1870)
• Zulu – Mpande kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1840-1872)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Emir -
    1. Mohammed Afzal Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1866-1868)
    2. Shir Ali Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1868-1879)
• China (Qing Dynasty) – Tóngzhì, Emperor of China (1861-1875)
• Japan
  • Monarch – Meiji Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1867-1912)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) – Tokugawa Yoshinobu, Shogun of Japan (1867-1868)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) – Gojong, King of Joseon (1864-1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Oman –
  1. Salim bin Thuwaini, Sultan of Oman (1866-1868)
  2. Azzan bin Qais, Sultan of Oman (1868-1871)

Europe

• Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848-1916)
• Bavaria – Ludwig II, King of Bavaria (1864-1886)
• Belgium – Leopold II, King of the Belgians (1865-1909)
• Denmark
  • Monarch – Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
  • Prime Minister – Christian Emil, Prime Minister of Denmark (1865-1870)
• France – Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852-1870)
• Holy See – Pope Pius IX (1846-1878)
• Italy –
  • Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele II, King of Italy (1861-1878)
  • Prime Minister – Luigi Menabrea, Prime Minister of Italy (1867-1869)
• Netherlands – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
• Norway – Carl IV, King of Norway (1859-1872)
• Ottoman Empire – Abd-ul-Aziz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1861-1876)
• Portugal – Luis, King of Portugal (1861-1889)
• Prussia –
  • Monarch – Wilhelm I, King of Prussia (1861-1888)
  • Prime Minister – Otto von Bismarck, Minister-President of Prussia (1862-1873)
• Romania – Carol I, Prince of Romania (1866-1881)
• Russia – Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855-1881)
• Saxony – Johann, King of Saxony (1854-1873)
• Spain –
  • Monarch – Isabella II, Queen of Spain (1833-1868)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ramón María Narváez Campos, Prime Minister of Spain (1844-1846, 1846, 1847-1849, 1849-1851, 1856-1857, 1864-1865, 1866-1868)
    2. Luis González Bravo, Prime Minister of Spain (1868)
    3. José Gutiérrez De La Concha, Prime Minister of Spain (1868)
    4. Francisco Serrano Domínguez, Prime Minister of Spain (1868-1869, 1871, 1872, 1874)
• Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden-Norway
  • Monarch – Charles XV, King of Sweden (1859-1872)
  • Chief Minister – Louis Gerhard De Geer , Prime Minister for Justice of Sweden (1858-1870)
  • Foreign Minister –
    1. Ludvig Manderström, Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden-Norway (1858-1868)
    2. Carl Wachtmeister, Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden-Norway (1868-1871)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852, 1858, 1866-1868)
    2. Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868, 1874-1880)
    3. William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, 1892-1894)
• Württemberg – Karl, King of Württemberg (1864-1891)

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi – Zaid ibn Khalifa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855-1909)
• Egypt – Ismail, Khedive of Egypt (1867-1879)
• Morocco – Mohammed IV, Sultan of Morocco (1859-1873)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch – Abd-ul-Aziz, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1861-1876)
  • Grand Vizier – Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1867-1871)

North America and Caribbean

• Canada – John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1867-1891)
• Costa Rica –
  1. José María Castro Madriz, President of Costa Rica (1866-1868)
  2. Jesús Jiménez Zamora, President of Costa Rica (1868-1870)
• Mexico – Benito Juárez, President of Mexico (1867-1872)
• United States – Andrew Johnson, President of the United States (1865-1869)

South America

• Brazil – Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831-1889)