List of state leaders in 1761

Africa

Afghanistan – Ahmad Shah, King of Afghanistan (1747-1772)
China (Qing Dynasty) – Qianlong, Emperor of China (1735-1796)
Japan
- Monarch – Momozono, Emperor of Japan (1747-1762)
- Shogun (Tokugawa) – Tokugawa Ieharu, Shogun of Japan (1760-1786)
Korea (Joseon Dynasty) – Yeongjo, King of Joseon (1724-1776)

Andorra – Coprinces:
- Francesc Josep Catalán de Ocón, Bishop of Urgell (1757-1762)
- Louis XV, King of France (1715-1774)
Denmark –
- Monarch – Frederick V, King of Denmark (1746-1766)
- Prime Minister – Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff, Minister of State of Denmark (1751-1770)
France – Louis XV, King of France (1715-1774)
Great Britain –
- Monarch – George III, King of Great Britain (1760-1820)
- Prime Minister – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle , Prime Minister of Great Britain (1754-1756, 1757-1762)
Holy Roman Empire – Franz I, Holy Roman Emperor (1745-1765)
Ireland – George III, King of Ireland (1760-1820)
Portugal – Joseph I, King of Portugal (1750-1777)
Prussia – Frederick II King of Prussia (1740-1786)
Russia – Elizabeth Petrovna, Tsaritsa of Russia (1741-1762)
Spain – Charles III, King of Spain (1759-1788)
Sweden – Age of Liberty
- Monarch – Adolf Frederik, King of Sweden (1751-1771)
- Majority leader – Axel von Fersen, senior, Lantmarskalk of the Riksdag of the Estates (1760-1762)

Abu Dhabi –
1. Al bu Falah clan founds shaikhdom of Abu Dhabi in 1761
2. Dhiyab bin Isa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1761-1793)
Algeria – Baba Ali Bou-Seba, Dey of Algiers (1754-1766)
Morocco – Mohammed III, Sultan of Morocco (1757-1790)
Ottoman Empire
- Monarch – Mustafa III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1757-1774)
- Grand Vizier – Koca Mehmed Ragib Pasha , Ottoman Grand Vizier (1757-1763)