List of Iranian scientists
Photo taken from medieval manuscript by Qotbeddin Shirazi. The image depicts a star constellation.
The following is a non-comprehensive list of Iranian scientists and engineers that lived up until the modern age.
Pre-modern era
- Abdol-Hamid, founder of Arabic prose along with the fellow Persian Ibn Muqaffa.
- Abdolrahman, Sheikh Muhammad, physician.
- Abhari, mathematician.
- Abu Nasr e Mansur, mathematician.
- Abu Wafa Buzjani, mathematician.
- Ahmad ibn Farrokh, physician.
- Ahmad Ibn Imad ul-din, physician and chemist.
- Ala'eddin, constructed the Counterweight Trebuchet for Kubilai. He was thus honoured in the official history of China's Yuan dynasty. (p119)
- Alavi Shirazi, royal physician to India.
- Alhazen, or Ebne Heisam in Persian.
- Amuli, Muhammad ibn Mahmud, physician.
- Aqa-Kermani, physician.
- Aqsara'i, physician.
- Astarabadi, physician.
- Avicenna (Ibn Sina), physician, philosopher
- Azophi, a.k.a. Abdorrahman Sufi, astronomer from Ray that invented the meridian ring.
- Bahai, Sheikh
- Bal'ami, Samanid era scholar.
- Balkhi, a.k.a. Albumasar. Mathematician.
- Balkhi, Ibn Sahl, geographer, mathematician.
- Bani Musa, Hasan, Astronomer.
- Bani Musa, Ahmad, Astronomer.
- Bani Musa, Mohammad, Astronomer.
- Barmak, Khaled, a former Bhuddist from Khorasan in the court of al-Mansur. Initiated the Greek translation movement of the Abbasid House of Wisdom.
- Bukhtishu, Persian Christian physicians of Academy of Gundishapur.
- Bukhtishu, Abdollah ibn, physician.
- Bukhtishu, Gabriel ibn, physician.
- Burzoe, a.k.a. Borzouyeh-i Tabib. Famous physician of Academy of Gundishapur.
- Biruni, astronomer, mathematician.
- Esfarayeni, physician.
- Farabi, (Al-Farabi, Pharabius), chemist
- Farghani, a.k.a. Alfraganus. Astronomer.
- Farsi, mathematician.
- Fazari, Ibrahim
- Fazari, Mohammad
- Geber; Jaber ibn Hayan, chemist. Persian by birth and Arab-Yemeni by origin.
- Ghazzali, philosopher.
- Gilani, Hakim, royal physician.
- Gorgani, Zayn al-Din Ismail ibn, royal physician.
- Gorgani, Abu Saeed, astronomer and mathematician.
- Gorgani e Masihi, see Masihi Gorgani, Avicenn'a master.
- Hajji Zayn al-Attar, physician.
- Hakim Ghulam Imam, physician.
- Hakim Muhammad Sharif Khan, physician.
- Hallaj, Mystic-philosopher.
- Harawi, Abolfadl. Astronomer of Buyid dynasty.
- Harawi, Muwaffak: See Al-Muwaffak. Pharmacologist.
- Harawi, Muhammad ibn Yusuf, physician.
- Ibn Abi Sadiq, "The Second Hippocrates", Avicenna's disciple.
- Ibn Khaseb, physician.
- Ibn Shater, astronomer who made modifications to Ptolemy's model to account for discrepancies in observations.
- Ilaqi, Yusef, Avicenna's pupil.
- Isfahani Abol-fath, mathematician.
- Isfahani, Jalaleddin, physician.
- Isfahani, Husayn, physician.
- Istakhri, prominent geographer of 10th century. Gives the earliest known account of windmills.
- Jaghmini, physician.
- Jaldaki, physician.
- Jarrah was a learned Persian vizier from Khorasan, of the Abbasid dynasty.
- Karaji, mathematician.
- Kashani (Kashi), mathematician.
- Khazeni, Abu Jafar, mathematician.
- Khazeni, Abolfath, physicist.
- Khujandi, mathematician and astronomer.
- Khwarizmi (aka Al-Khwarazmi) creator of algorithm and algebra, mathematician and astronomer
- Kushyar ibn Labban, mathematician, Nasavi's master.
- Kuhi, Rostam, mathematician.
- Mahani, mathematician.
- Majusi, Ibn Abbas, physician.
- Marvazi, astronomer and mathematician.
- Masawaiyh or Masuya.
- Mashallah, a former Jew from Khorasan, who designed the city of Baghdad based on Firouzabad.
- Masihi Gorgani, Avicenna's master.
- Miskawayh, philosopher.
- Mostowfi Qazvini, geographer.
- Mozaffar ibn Ismail of Herat. Predecessor, physicist, and original author of Khazeni's Balance of Wisdom.
- Mullasadra, philosopher.
- Muqaffa, Ibn, founder of Arabic prose along with the fellow Persian AbdolHamid.
- Muqaddasī, prominent geographer.
- Muwaffaq, Abu mansur, pharmacologist.
- Nahavandi, Benjamin, Jewish scholar.
- Nahavandi, Ahmad, prominent Astronomer of the 800s.
- Nasavi, mathematician.
- Natili Tabari, physician.
- Naubakht, Zoroastrian designer of the city of Baghdad.
- Naubakht, Fadhl ibn
- Nayrizi, mathematician.
- Omar Khayyam, poet, mathematician, and astronomist
- Qazi Zadeh, Turkish born prominent mathematician
- Qazwini, mathematician
- Razi, Amin, Geographer.
- Razi, Fakhreddin, philosopher.
- Razi, Zakariya (Rhazes), chemist and physicist.
- Saghani Ostorlabi, astronomer.
- Sahl, Fadl ibn, learned Persian Vizier of Khorasan, who served under Al-Ma'mun.
- Sahl, Shapur ibn, physician.
- Samarqandi, Najibeddin, physician.
- Samarqandi, Ashraf, mathematician, astronomer.[1]
- Sarakhsi, Ahmad tayyeb, Famous physician of Academy of Gundishapur d900.
- Shirazi, Imad al-Din Mas'ud, physician.
- Shirazi, Qutbeddin, astronomer.
- Sijzi, mathematician.
- Sufi, Abdol-rahman: see Azophi.
- Sorevardi, Shahabeddin. d1234. Philosopher.
- Tabari, prominent historian.
- Tabari, Natili: See Al-Natili
- Tabari, Abul Hasan, physician.
- Tabari, Ibn Sahl, Jewish convert physician. Master of Rhazes.
- Tahir, Abdollah ibn. A medieval governor of Khorasan. Wrote Kitab al-Quniy, discussing irrigation techniques.
- Tāriq, Yaqub ibn
- Tusi, Nasireddin, mathematician, philosopher.
- Tusi, Sharafeddin, mathematician.
- Ulugh Beg, Turkish-Persian astronomer.
- Urdi, Mo'ayyeduddin, astronomer who made modifications to Ptolemy's model to account for discrepancies in observations.
- Yazdad, Ibn was a learned Persian vizier from Merv, Khorasan, of the Abbasid dynasty.
- Yumn, Nazif ibn
- Zaiyat, Ibn was a learned Persian vizier from Gilan, of the Abbasid dynasty.
- Zamakhshari
- Zarrin dast, oculist.
Contemporary
See special page on contemporary Iranian scientists and engineers.