Flotsam and jetsam

Flotsam and jetsam are words that describe goods of potential value that have been thrown into the ocean. There is a technical difference between the two: jetsam has been voluntarily cast into the sea by the crew of a ship in order to lighten it in an emergency; while flotsam describes goods that float on the water, that have arrived there by shipwreck or some other indeliberate process. A third category, ligan (or lagan), describes goods that have been marked by being tied to a buoy so that its owner can find and retrieve it later.

One famous recent example of flotsam occurred in the Pacific Ocean in 1992, when thousands of rubber ducks and other toys manufactured by the First Years corporation went overboard during a storm. The rubber ducks have since been discovered in scattered across three oceans (the Pacific, Arctic, and Atlantic), and scientists have used the incident to gain a better understanding of ocean currents.

The differences among flotsam, jetsam, and ligan are occasionally of consequence in the law of admiralty and salvage. On land the distinction between deliberate and accidental loss led to the concept of Treasure Trove.

See also

• Receiver of Wreck

External link

• Drifting rubber duckies chart oceans of plastic – article from the Christian Science Monitor, July 31, 2003.
• Rubber Duckies Map The World – the story as told on 31 July 2003 by CBS News (includes a link to a video with oceanographer Curt Ebbesmeyer, who studied the movement of the rubber ducks across the oceans)