Karlsruhe (district)

Karlsruhe
Statistics
State:	Baden-Württemberg
Capital:	Karlsruhe
Adm. Region:	Karlsruhe
Area:	1,084.88 km²
Inhabitants:	424,276 (2002)
pop. density:	394 inh./km²
Car identification:	KA
Homepage:	http://www.landkreis-karlsruhe.de
Map

Karlsruhe is a district (Kreis) in the north-west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rhein-Neckar, Heilbronn, Enzkreis, Calw, Rastatt, Germersheim, Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis and the district-free city Speyer. The urban district Karlsruhe is located in the middle of the district, and cuts it into a northern and a southern part.

1 History
2 Geography
3 Partnerships
4 Coat of arms
5 Towns and municipalities
6 External links

History

The historic origin of the district is the Oberamt Karlsruhe. In 1809 it was split into one part responsible for the city Karlsruhe (Stadtamt), and one for the surrounding municipalities (Landamt). In 1865 however both parts were merged again to the Bezirksamt Karlsruhe. 1938 it was split again, this time with the district of Karlsruhe for the surrounding part, and the urban district of Karlsruhe for the urban area. In 1973 the district was enlarged by adding the complete district of Bruchsal and parts of the districts Sinsheim, Vaihingen, Pforzheim and Rastatt; some municipalities were also added to the city Karlsruhe and therefore left the district.

Geography

The western part of the district is located in the Rhine valley. The area in the east belongs to the landscape of the Kraichgau, and it is also to the north of the foothills of the Black Forest.

Partnerships

Starting in 1978 the district had a partnership with the Welsh administrative county of Gwent. In 1996 Gwent was split into two separate districts due to administrative reform, and the partnership has since continued with the two new districts:Monmouthshire and Torfaen.

Since 1990 the district has had a partnership with the Döbeln district in Saxony, and since 1992 with the Shaar Hanegev region in Israel.

Coat of arms

The top-left quarter of the coat of arms shows the symbol of Baden, which is appropriate since a large part of the Karlsruhe district belonged to Baden historically. The cross in the top-right is the symbol of the clerical state of Speyer. The three deer antlers in the bottom-right are the symbol of the state of Württemberg, and in the bottom-left is the symbol of the Wittelsbach family.