June 23

June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining.

Events

• 1305 – Flemish-French peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
• 1314 – Start of the Battle of Bannockburn south of Stirling, Edward II of England & Robert I of Scotland met in battle. Scotland won and Edward fled the field and Scotland.
• 1532 – Henry VIII & François I sign secret treaty against Emperor Charles V.
• 1611 – The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson's fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in the Atlantic Ocean; they are never heard from again.
• 1661 – Marriage contract between Charles II of England & Catharina of Portugal.
• 1683 – William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania.
• 1713 – French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada. [1]
• 1757 – Battle of Plassey – 3000 British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under Siraj-ud-Dawlah at Plassey.
• 1758 – Seven Years War: Battle of Krefeld – British forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
• 1760 – Seven Years War: Battle of Landshut – Austria beats Prussia.
• 1794 – Empress Catherine II grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev.
• 1810 – John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
• 1858 – Six-year-old Edgardo Mortara is seized by Papal authorities.
• 1860 – The US Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
• 1865 – American Civil War: At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory Confederate General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant rebel army.
• 1887 – The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first national park, Banff National Park. [2]
• 1888 – Frederick Douglass is the first African-American nominated for US president.
• 1894 – International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
• 1915 – First wholesale slaughter of Armenian men in Harput (Kharpert), Turkey
• 1931 – Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to accomplish the first round-the-world flight in a single-engine plane. [3]
• 1938 – The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
• 1938 – Marineland opens near St. Augustine, Florida.
• 1940 – World War II: German leader Adolf Hitler surveys newly defeated Paris in now occupied France.
• 1941 – Lithuanian Activist Front declares independence (June independence) of Lithuania from Soviet Union; it lived only briefly however as nazis occupied Lithuania few weeks later.
• 1944 – Thomas Mann becomes a US citizen.
• 1947 – The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.
• 1956 – Gamal Abdel Nasser elected president of Egypt.
• 1958 – The Dutch Reformed Church accepts women ministers.
• 1959 – Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumed a scientific career).
• 1959 – A fire in a resort hotel in Stalheim, Norway kills 34 people.
• 1967 – Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
• 1968 – 74 are killed and 150 injured in a soccer stampede towards a closed exit in a Buenos Aires stadium.
• 1969 – Warren E. Burger is sworn in as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring chief Earl Warren.
• 1972 – Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
• 1979 – Sydney: New South Wales Premier Neville Wran officially opens the Eastern Suburbs Railway. It operates as a shuttle between Central & Bondi Junction until full integration with the Illawarra Line during 1980.
• 1985 – A Boeing 747 carrying Air India Flight 182 blew-up 31,000 feet (9500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, South of Ireland, killing all 329 aboard.
• 1989 – The movie Batman is released in the United States.
• 1990 – Moldavia declares independence.
• 1991 – Sonic the Hedgehog is released for the Sega Genesis in North America.[4]
• 1992 – Mafia boss John Gotti is sentenced to life in prison after being found guilty of conspiracy to commit murder and racketeering on April 2.
• 1992 – Yitzhak Rabin wins the Israeli parlamentary elections.
• 2001 – The Los Angeles radio station KROQ opens the ninth annual of the KROQ Weenie Roast with Blink-182, Coldplay, Crazy Town, The Cult, Disturbed, Jane's Addiction, Linkin Park, The Living End, New Found Glory, Pennywise, Papa Roach, Stabbing Westward, Staind, Stone Temple Pilots, Sum 41 and 311.
• 2001 – The video game Sonic Adventure 2 was released cellebrating the 10th anniversary of Sonic the Hedgehog.
• 2005 – The IWW Centennial in Chicago,Illinois

Births

• 1433 – Francis II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1488)
• 1534 – Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (daimyo) (d. 1582)
• 1763 – Josephine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (d. 1814).
• 1800 – Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (d. 1846)
• 1887 – Ernst Rowohlt, publisher (d. 1960).
• 1894 – Alfred Kinsey, entomologist, sexologist (d. 1956).
• 1894 – Edward VIII of the United Kingdom, Duke of Windsor (d. 1972)
• 1905 – Mary Livingstone, actress and wife of Jack Benny, (d. 1983)
• 1906 – Wolfgang Koeppen, author (d. 1996)
• 1910 – Jean Anouilh, French dramatist (d. 1987)
• 1910  – Gordon B. Hinckley, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
• 1912 – Alan Turing, mathematician (d. 1954)
• 1916 – Len Hutton, English cricketer (d. 1990)
• 1916 – Hermann Gmeiner, pedagogue (d. 1986)
• 1916  – Irene Worth, actress (d. 2002)
• 1927 – Bob Fosse, choreographer (d. 1987)
• 1929 – June Carter Cash, country music singer (d. 2003)
• 1936 – Costas Simitis, Greek Prime Minister
• 1940 – Adam Faith, singer and actor (d. 2003)
• 1940  – Lord Irvine of Lairg, British lawyer and Lord Chancellor
• 1940  – Wilma Rudolph, American runner (d. 1994)
• 1943 – James Levine, American conductor
• 1943 – Vint Cerf, co-designer of the TCP/IP protocols and a Father of the Internet
• 1948 – Darhyl S. Ramsey, American author and professor of music education.
• 1956 – Glenn Danzig, rock and roll performer
• 1957 – Frances McDormand, actress
• 1963 – Colin Montgomerie, golfer
• 1964 – Joss Whedon, producer, director, screenwriter
• 1972 – Selma Blair, actress
• 1972  – Zinedine Zidane, French football player
• 1973 – Marie N, Latvian singer, Eurovision Song Contest winner
• 1975 – Kevin Dyson, American football player
• 1976 – Brandon Stokley, American football player
• 1977 – Jason Mraz, singer/songwriter
• 1979 – LaDainian Tomlinson, American football player
• 1980 – Ramnaresh Sarwan, Guyanese cricketer

Deaths

• 79 – Vespasian, Roman Emperor (b. AD 9)
• 1018 – Henry I of Austria
• 1516 – Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
• 1733 – Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss scholar (b. 1672)
• 1832 – James Hall, Scottish geologist (b. 1761)
• 1956 – Reinhold Glière, Russian composer (b. [[1875)
• 1959 – Boris Vian, writer and musician (b. 1920)
• 1980 – Clyfford Still, painter
• 1995 – Jonas Salk, American medical researcher
• 1996 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
• 1997 – Dr. Betty Shabazz, wife of Malcolm X
• 1998 – Maureen O'Sullivan, actress
• 2002 – Pedro 'El Rockero' Alcazar, Panamanian boxer
• 2003 – Vasil Bykau, Belarusian writer

Holidays and observances

• Ancient Latvia – Jani held.
• Midsummer's Eve, Christianized the feast of Saint John the Baptist, is celebrated in much of Northern Europe and the British Islands

External links

• BBC: On This Day

June 22 – June 24 – May 23 – July 23 — listing of all days