June 10

June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining.

Events

• 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Saleph River while leading an army to Jerusalem.
• 1692 – Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries".
• 1793 – The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris, becoming, a year later, the first public zoo).
• 1829 – First Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge.
• 1846 – Mexican-American War: The California Republic declares independence from Mexico.
• 1854 – The first class of United States Naval Academy students graduate.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads – Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
• 1886 – Eruption of Mount Tarawera in New Zealand, killing 153 people and destroying the famous Pink and White Terraces.
• 1898 – US Marines land on the island of Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
• 1924 – Fascists kidnap and kill Italian socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
• 1935 – Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio by William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.
• 1940 – World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
• 1940  – World War II: German forces, under General Erwin Rommel, reach the English Channel.
• 1940  – World War II: Canada declares war on Italy.
• 1940  – World War II: Norway Surrenders to German forces.
• 1942 – World War II: Nazis burn the Czech village of Lidice as reprisal for the killing of Reinhard Heydrich.
• 1944 – World War II: 642 men, women and children are killed in the Oradour-sur-Glane Massacre in France.
• 1944  – In baseball, 15-year old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.
• 1947 – Saab produces its first automobile.
• 1956 – 1956 Summer Olympics: Equestrian events open in Stockholm, Sweden.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: Battle of Dong Xoai begins.
• 1967 – Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
• 1967  – Argentina becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1973 – Paul Getty III, grandson of billionaire J. Paul Getty, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
• 1977 – James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee, but is recaptured on June 13).
• 1977 – Apple Computer ships its first Apple II personal computer.
• 1980 – The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
• 1980 – Percy Wood, president of United Airlines, is injured by an exploding package sent by the Unabomber.
• 1991 – In what was dubbed "The Mother of All Parades," New York City hosts a parade welcoming back troops from Operation Desert Storm.
• 1996 – Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without Sinn Féin.
• 1997 – Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members before Pol Pot flees his northern stronghold.
• 1999 – Kosovo War: NATO suspends its air strikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.

Births

• 1657 – James Cragg the Elder, English politician (d. 1721)
• 1688 – James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" (d. 1766)
• 1803 – Henry Darcy, French scientist (d. 1858)
• 1819 – Gustave Courbet, French painter (d. 1877)
• 1835 – Rebecca Latimer Felton, first female U.S. Senator (d. 1930)
• 1844 – Carl Hagenbeck, animal trainer
• 1861 – Pierre Duhem, French physicist and philosopher of science (d. 1916)
• 1862 – Mrs Leslie Carter, nee Caroline Dudley, Broadway actress & star, (d. 1937)
• 1880 – André Derain, French painter and illustrator (d. 1954)
• 1895 – Hattie McDaniel, actress, and the first African American to win an Academy Award (d. 1952)
• 1897 – Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia (d. 1918)
• 1901 – Frederick Loewe, Austrian-born American composer (d. 1988)
• 1903 – Theo Lingen German actor (d. 1978)
• 1903 – Clyde Beatty, hunter, circus impresario (d. 1965)
• 1907 – Fairfield Porter, American painter (d. 1975)
• 1910 – Howlin' Wolf, blues musician (born "Chester Burnett") (d. 1976)
• 1911 – Terence Rattigan, British playwright (d. 1977)
• 1913 – Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian composer
• 1915 – Saul Bellow, Canadian-born American author, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (d. 2005)
• 1921 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
• 1922 – Judy Garland, American actress, singer (d. 1969)
• 1926 – Lionel Jeffries British actor
• 1923 – Robert Maxwell, Czech-born British owner of Mirror Group Newspapers (d. 1991)
• 1927 – Lin Yang-kang, Chinese politician
• 1928 – Maurice Sendak, writer, producer, illustrator
• 1929 – Harald Juhnke, German actor and comedian (d. 2005)
• 1929 – Ian McCahon Sinclair, Australian politician
• 1930 – Theo Sommer, German journalist
• 1933 – F. Lee Bailey, celebrity attorney
• 1940 – John Stevens, British drummer (d. 1994)
• 1941 – Jürgen Prochnow, German actor
• 1941  – Shirley Owens, singer, member of the Shirelles
• 1942 – Preston Manning, Canadian politician
• 1949 – Ronald James Padavona, (a.k.a. Ronnie James Dio) Heavy metal singer
• 1951 – Dan Fouts, American football star
• 1953 – John Edwards, U.S. Senator
• 1957 – Lindsay Hoyle, British politician
• 1962 – Gina Gershon, American actress
• 1963 – Jeanne Tripplehorn, American actress
• 1964 – Jimmy Chamberlin, musician
• 1965 – Elizabeth Hurley, British actress
• 1965 – Linda Evangelista, supermodel
• 1968 – Jimmy Shea, American skeleton racer
• 1971 – Joel Hailey aka JoJo, R&B singer
• 1973 – Faith Evans, R&B singer
• 1976 – Freddy Garcia, baseball pitcher
• 1982 – Princess Madeleine of Sweden
• 1982  – Tara Lipinski, figure skater

Deaths

• 323 BC – Alexander the Great (b. 356 BC)
• 1075 – Margrave Ernest the Brave of Austria
• 1190 – Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor (drowned) (b. 1122)
• 1424 – Duke Ernest the Iron of Inner Austria
• 1580 – Luis de Camões, Portuguese poet (b. 1524)
• 1654 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (b. 1598)
• 1692 – Bridget Bishop, accused witch
• 1831 – Hans Karl Friedrich Anton, count von Diebitsch, Russian field marshal (b. 1785)
• 1836 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (b. 1775)
• 1899 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (b. 1855)
• 1901 – Robert Williams Buchanan, British poet, novelist and dramatist (b. 1841)
• 1902 – Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan poet (b. 1845)
• 1909 – Edward Everett Hale, author
• 1912 – Anton Aškerc, Slovenian poet (b. 1856)
• 1918 – Arrigo Boito, Italian poet and composer (b. 1842)
• 1923 – Pierre Loti, French sailor and writer (b. 1850)
• 1926 – Antoni Gaudí, Catalan architect (b. 1852)
• 1930 – Adolf Harnack, German theologian (b. 1851)
• 1934 – Frederick Delius, English composer (b. 1862)
• 1937 – Robert Borden, eighth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1854)
• 1940 – Marcus Garvey, American civil rights activist (b. 1887)
• 1946 – Jack Johnson, boxer (b. 1878)
• 1947 – Alexander Bethune, twelfth Mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia (b. 1852)
• 1949 – Sigrid Undset, Norwegian author, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature (b. 1882)
• 1958 – Angelina Weld Grimke, journalist and poet (b. 1880)
• 1967 – Spencer Tracy, actor (b. 1900)
• 1971 – Michael Rennie, actor (b. 1909)
• 1973 – William Inge, playwright (b. 1913)
• 1974 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1900)
• 1976 – Adolph Zukor, producer (b. 1873)
• 1982 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, author, movie director (b. 1945)
• 1982  – Addie "Micki" Harris, singer (Shirelles) (b. 1940)
• 1986 – Merle Miller, biographer (b. 1919)
• 1988 – Louis L'Amour, American author (b. 1908)
• 1993 – Les Dawson, British comedian (b. 1933 or 34)
• 1996 – George Hees, Canadian politician (b. 1910)
• 1998 – Hammond Innes, English author (b. 1914)
• 2000 – Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (b. 1930)
• 2000  – Arambam Somorendra, playwright (b. 1936)
• 2000  – Brian Statham, English cricketer (b. 1930)
• 2001 – Princess Leila of Iran (b. 1970)
• 2001  – Mike Mentzer, philosopher, bodybuilder, and author (b. 1951)
• 2002 – John Gotti, Mafia boss (b. 1940)
• 2003 – Donald Regan, Chief of Staff and U.S. Treasury Secretary (b. 1918)
• 2003  – Dr Phil Williams, Welsh politician and scientist (b. 1939)
• 2004 – Ray Charles, American singer and musician (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Empire – fourth day of the Vestalia in honor of Vesta
• Portugal – National day of Portugal, Camões and the Portuguese Communities

External links

• BBC: On This Day

June 9 – June 11 – May 10 – July 10 — listing of all days