July 27

July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining.

Events

• 1214 – Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England.
• 1663 – The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
• 1689 – Glorious Revolution: Battle of Killiecrankie ends
• 1694 – A Royal Charter is granted to the Bank of England.
• 1778 – American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant – British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
• 1789 – The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (later renamed Department of State).
• 1794 – French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution." (See 9 Thermidor.)
• 1865 – Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley.
• 1866 – The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
• 1921 – Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
• 1928 – Tich Freeman becomes only bowler ever to take 200 first-class wickets before end of July.
• 1940 – Bugs Bunny makes his official debut in the animated cartoon A Wild Hare.
• 1941 – Japanese troops occupy French Indo-China.
• 1949 – Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
• 1953 – Korean War ends: The United States, People's Republic of China, North Korea, and South Korea sign an armistice agreement.
• 1955 – The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends (started on May 9, 1945).
• 1964 – Vietnam War: 5,000 more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
• 1968 – Pink Floyd releases the album A Saucerful of Secrets in the USA.
• 1974 – Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment against President Richard Nixon: obstruction of justice.
• 1981 – British television: On Coronation Street, Ken Barlow marries Deirdre Langton, which proves to be a national event, with massive viewer numbers earned for the show.
• 1990 – Belarus declares independence from Soviet Union.
• 1995 – In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated.
• 1996 – Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, Georgia, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics, killing one and injuring 111.
• 1997 – Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria; about 50 people killed.
• 1999 – 21 die in a canyoning disaster near Interlaken, Switzerland.
• 2002 – Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 85 and injuring more than 100 others, the largest air show disaster in history.

Births

• 1452 – Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. 1508)
• 1768 – Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat who killed Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793)
• 1781 – Mauro Giuliani, Italian composer (d. 1828)
• 1824 – Alexandre Dumas fils, French author (d. 1895)
• 1833 – Thomas George Bonney, geologist (d. 1923)
• 1835 – Giosue Carducci, Italian writer (d. 1907)
• 1857 – José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican political leader (d. 1921)
• 1857  – Augusta Stowe-Gullen, Canadian physician and feminist
• 1867 – Enrique Granados, Spanish composer (d. 1916)
• 1870 – Hilaire Belloc, English writer (d. 1953)
• 1877 – Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian composer and conductor
• 1882 – Geoffrey de Havilland, British aircraft designer (d. 1965)
• 1886 – Ernst May, architect (d. 1970)
• 1901 – Rudy Vallee, singer (d. 1986)
• 1903 – Nikolai Cherkasov, actor (d. 1966)
• 1904 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (d. 1991)
• 1905 – Leo Durocher, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Joseph Mitchell, American writer
• 1912 – Hilde Domin, writer
• 1915 – Mario Del Monaco, tenor (d. 1982)
• 1916 – Elizabeth Hardwick, novelist
• 1916 – Keenan Wynn, actor (d. 1986)
• 1917 – Bourvil, actor (d. 1970)
• 1918 – Leonard Rose, American cellist (d. 1984)
• 1922 – Norman Lear, television producer
• 1931 – Jerry Van Dyke, actor
• 1938 – Isabelle Aubret, French singer
• 1938 – Gary Gygax, creator of DnD
• 1940 – Pina Bausch, dancer
• 1948 – Peggy Fleming, figure skater
• 1949 – Maureen McGovern, singer and actress
• 1954 – Peter L. Allen, actor and musician
• 1957 – Bill Engvall, comedian
• 1967 – Juliana Hatfield, musician
• 1967  – Kellie Waymire, actress (d. 2003)
• 1968 – Cliff Curtis, New Zealand actor
• 1969 – Maria Grazia Cucinotta, Italian actress
• 1969 – Triple H, professional wrestler
• 1972 – Jill Arrington, sports reporter
• 1975 – Shea Hillenbrand, baseball player
• 1975  – Alex Rodriguez, baseball player
• 1977 – Jonathan Rhys-Meyers, actor
• 1979 – Shannon Moore, professional wrestler

Deaths

• 1061 – Pope Nicholas II (or July 19)
• 1276 – James I of Aragon (b. 1208)
• 1365 – Rudolf IV of Austria
• 1564 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
• 1675 – Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, Marshal of France (b. 1611)
• 1759 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician (b. 1698)
• 1841 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian author (b. 1814)
• 1844 – John Dalton, English chemist
• 1863 – William Lowndes Yancey, American Confederate leader
• 1917 – Emil Theodor Kocher, surgeon and biologist (b. 1841)
• 1924 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist and composer (b. 1866)
• 1946 – Gertrude Stein, American writer and cult figure (b. 1874)
• 1958 – Claire Chennault, French World War II pilot
• 1980 – Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran
• 1981 – William Wyler, film director
• 1984 – James Mason, English actor
• 1993 – Reggie Lewis, basketball star
• 1999 – Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov, Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher, and mountaineer (b. 1912)
• 2001 – Leon Wilkeson, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 2003 – Vance Hartke, U.S. Senator from Indiana
• 2003 – Bob Hope, English-born entertainer

Holidays and observances

• Cuba – Revolution Day, 2nd Day
• Maldives – Independence Day, 2nd Day
• Vietnam – Memorial Day for War Martyrs
• Ancient Latvia – Septinu Guletaju Diena held

External links

• BBC: On This Day

July 26 – July 28 – June 27 – August 27 — listing of all days