July 23

July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining.

Events

• 1632 – 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.
• 1829 – In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the first typewriter.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
• 1903 – Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.
• 1914 – Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denied Austria-Hungary of their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914
• 1926 – Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
• 1940 – US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
• 1942- The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
• 1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser – the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
• 1956 – The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French oversee territory affairs.
• 1962 – Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.
• 1967 – 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).
• 1972 – The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.
• 1973 – Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
• 1982 – The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985–86.
• 1983 – Gimli Glider: Air Canada flight 143 crash-lands in Gimli, Manitoba.
• 1984 – Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
• 1986 – In London, Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey.
• 1997 – Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
• 1999 – Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
• 1999 – Hijack of ANA Flight 61 in Tokyo.
• 2003 – Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.
• 2004 – 11 years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.

Births

• 1301 – Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria
• 1626 – Sabbatai Zevi, Jewish false Messiah (d. 1676)
• 1649 – Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
• 1777 – Philipp Otto Runge, painter (d. 1810)
• 1796 – Franz Berwald, composer (d. 1868)
• 1865 – Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark); Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic (d. 1919)
• 1884 – Emil Jannings, actor (d. 1950)
• 1886 – Salvador de Madariaga (d. 1978), League of Nations disarmament chief
• 1888 – Raymond Chandler, author (d. 1959)
• 1892 – Haile Selassie, emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1975)
• 1893 – Karl Menninger, psychiatrist (d. 1990)
• 1899 – Gustav Heinemann, politician, President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1976)
• 1906 – Vladimir Prelog, Croat chemist, Nobel Prize (d. 1998)
• 1923 – Witto Aloma, Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
• 1936 – Don Drysdale, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (d. 1993)
• 1936 – Shiv Kumar Batalvi, Punjabi revolutionary
• 1938 – Bert Newton, actor, TV show host
• 1938 – Götz George, actor
• 1942 – Myra Hindley, Moors murderess (d. 2002)
• 1947 – David Essex, rock and roll singer
• 1950 – Alex Kozinski, Circuit Judge
• 1961 – Woody Harrelson, actor
• 1961 – Martin L. Gore, musician, songwriter (Depeche Mode)
• 1965 – Slash (born "Saul Hudson"), guitarist (Guns N Roses)
• 1967 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, actor
• 1970 – Thea Dorn, German writer
• 1971 – Alison Krauss, bluegrass singer, musician
• 1971  – Dalvin DeGrate aka Mr. Dalvin, R&B singer
• 1973 – Nomar Garciaparra, baseball star
• 1973  – Monica Lewinsky, Congressional intern
• 1974 – Maurice Greene, American athlete
• 1976 – Judit Polgár, Hungarian Chess Player.
• 1978 – Stefanie Sun, Singaporean songstress
• 1989 – Daniel Radcliffe, actor

Deaths

• 1373 – Saint Birgitta, saint
• 1757 – Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer
• 1773 – George Edwards, naturalist (b. 1693)
• 1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, general, 18th President of the United States
• 1916 – Sir William Ramsay, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
• 1920 – Conrad Kohrs, rancher
• 1924 – Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (b. 1850)
• 1948 – D. W. Griffith, film director
• 1951 – Henri Philippe Pétain, leader of Vichy France
• 1955 – Cordell Hull, Secretary of State
• 1966 – Montgomery Clift, actor
• 1971 – Van Heflin, actor
• 1973 – Eddie Rickenbacker, aviation pioneer
• 1982 – Vic Morrow, actor
• 1983 – Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
• 1997 – Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete
• 1999 – King Hassan II of Morocco
• 2001 – Eudora Welty, author (b. 1909)
• 2002 – Leo McKern, actor
• 2002 – Dr. William L. Pierce, author, leader of the National Alliance
• 2002 – Chaim Potok, American novelist
• 2003 – James E. Davis, New York City councilman (murdered)
• 2004 – Carlos Paredes, musician and composer
• 2004 – Mehmood, Indian actor

Holidays and observances

• Egypt – Revolution Day (1952)
• Libya – Revolution Day
• Papua New Guinea – Remembrance Day
• Roman Empire – Neptunalia held in honor of Neptune
• Rastafarianism – Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie
• Astrology: First day of sun sign Leo

External links

• BBC: On This Day

July 22 – July 24 – June 23 – August 23 — listing of all days