July 22

July 22 is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining.

Events

• 1499 – Battle of Dornach – The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
• 1587 – Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off of North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
• 1793 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico.
• 1796 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
• 1805 – inconclusive battle of Cape Finisterre fought between combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Villeneuve and British under Admiral Calder.
• 1812 – Peninsular War: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca in Spain.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta – Outside of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
• 1908 – Albert Fisher establishes the Fisher Body Company to manufacture carriage and automobile bodies.
• 1916 – In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
• 1933 – Wiley Post becomes first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
• 1934 – Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
• 1937 – New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1942 – Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
• 1946 – King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
• 1962 – Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
• 1977 – Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
• 1991 – Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested after the remains of 11 men and boys are found in his Milwaukee apartment.
• 1992 – Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
• 1997 – The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
• 2003 – Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.

Births

• 1519 – Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
• 1784 – Friedrich Bessel, mathematician
• 1822 – Gregor Mendel, Austrian pioneering geneticist (d. 1884)
• 1844 – William Archibald Spooner, known for verbal inversions called spoonerisms (d. 1930)
• 1859 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (d. 1887)
• 1882 – Edward Hopper, painter (d. 1967)
• 1887 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, quantum physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 1975)
• 1890 – Rose Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (d. 1995)
• 1893 – James Whale, film director (d. 1957)
• 1894 – Oskar Maria Graf, writer (d. 1967)
• 1898 – Stephen Vincent Benét, American author (d. 1943)
• 1898 – Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
• 1905 – Doc Cramer, Major League Baseball player (d. 1990)
• 1908 – Amy Vanderbilt, author on etiquette
• 1913 – Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader and songwriter
• 1916 – Marcel Cerdan, world champion boxer (d. 1949)
• 1923 – Bob Dole – U.S. Senator from Kansas, Presidential candidate
• 1923 – Mukesh, singer (d. 1976)
• 1924 – Margaret Whiting, singer
• 1932 – Oscar De la Renta, fashion designer
• 1934 – Louise Fletcher, Academy Award-winning actress in 1976
• 1936 – Tom Robbins, author
• 1939 – Terence Stamp, actor
• 1939 – Erhard Walther, artist
• 1940 – Alex Trebek, American game show host
• 1941 – George Clinton, musician
• 1944 – Estelle Bennett, singer (Ronettes)
• 1946 – Mireille Mathieu, French singer
• 1946 – Stephen M. Wolownik, Russia musician (d. 2000)
• 1947 – Albert Brooks, comedian
• 1947 – Danny Glover, actor
• 1947 – Don Henley, drummer, singer, and songwriter
• 1948 – Otto Waalkes, comedian
• 1948 – S.E. Hinton, author
• 1949 – Alan Menken, composer
• 1954 – Al Di Meola, guitarist
• 1955 – Willem Dafoe, actor
• 1961 – Keith Sweat, singer
• 1964 – David Spade, comedian
• 1965 – Shawn Michaels, professional wrestler
• 1971 – Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
• 1972 – Paulinho, footballer
• 1973 – Rufus Wainwright, singer and songwriter
• 1983 – Shelby Belle, actress
• 1987 – Joshua Small, singer, songwriter

Deaths

• 1461 – Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
• 1645 – Gaspar de Guzman, Count of Olivares, Duke of San Lucar
• 1676 – Pope Clement X
• 1832 – Napoleon II of France
• 1904 – Wilson Barrett, actor
• 1916 – James Whitcomb Riley, author, poet
• 1922 – Jokichi Takamine, chemist
• 1932 – Florenz Ziegfeld Jr., theatrical producer
• 1934 – John Dillinger, bank robber, shot at the Biograph Theater in Chicago
• 1950 – William Lyon Mackenzie King, tenth Prime Minister of Canada
• 1967 – Carl Sandburg, poet
• 1974 – Wayne Morse, former Senator from Oregon
• 1989 – Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (b. 1935)
• 1990 – Manuel Puig, author
• 1998 – Hermann Prey, German bass-baritone (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Alan Shepard, astronaut
• 2000 – Eric Christmas, actor
• 2003 – Wahome Muthahi, Kenyan humourist
• 2003 – Qusay Hussein of Iraq, son of Saddam Hussein
• 2003 – Uday Hussein of Iraq, son of Saddam Hussein
• 2004 – Sacha Distel, singer
• 2004 – George Kidd, Canadian diplomat

Holidays and observances

• Saint Mary Magdalene
• Swaziland – Birthday of former King Sobhuza II
• Pi Approximation Day
• Ratcatcher's Day. See:The Pied Piper of Hamelin.

External links

• BBC: On This Day

July 21 – July 23 – June 22 – August 22 — listing of all days