January 8

January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 357 days remaining (358 in leap years).

Events

• 871 – Battle of Ashdown – Ethelred of Wessex defeats Danish invasion army.
• 1198 – Innocent III becomes Pope.
• 1734 – Premiere of George Frideric Handel's Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.
• 1746 – Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.
• 1806 – Cape Colony becomes a British colony.
• 1815 – War of 1812: In the Battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British.
• 1838 – Alfred Vail demonstrates a telegraph using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
• 1856 – Borax is discovered (John Veatch).
• 1867 – African American men granted the right to vote in the District of Columbia.
• 1877 – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry (Montana).
• 1889 – Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine.
• 1894 – A fire at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago causes a good deal of damage.
• 1900 – United States President William McKinley places Alaska under military rule.
• 1906 – A landslide in Haverstraw, New York kills 20 due to the excavation of clay along the Hudson River.
• 1908 – A train collision occurs in the Park Avenue Tunnel in New York City killing 17, injuring 38 and leading to increased demand for electric trains.
• 1916 – World War I: Allied forces withdraw from Gallipoli.
• 1918 – President Woodrow Wilson announces his "Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I.
• 1926 – Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud becomes the King of Hejaz and renames it Saudi Arabia.
• 1935 – A.C. Hardy patents the spectrophotometer.
• 1953 – René Mayer becomes Prime Minister of France.
• 1958 – 14 year old Bobby Fischer wins the United States Chess Championship.
• 1959 – Michel Debré becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1962 – Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is exhibited in the United States for the first time (National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC).
• 1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson declares a "War on Poverty" in the United States.
• 1973 – Watergate scandal: The trial of seven men accused of placing bugs in Democratic Party headquarters at Watergate begins.
• 1975 – Ella Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, becoming the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States who did not succeed her husband.
• 1982 – AT&T agrees to divest itself of twenty-two subdivisions.
• 1989 – Kegworth Air Disaster
• 1992 – President of the United States George H. W. Bush becomes ill on a visit in Japan and vomits on the Japanese Prime Minister.
• 1994 – Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov on Soyuz TM-18 leaves for Mir. He will stay on the space station till March 22, 1995 for a record 437 days in space.
• 1996 – An Antonov 32 cargo jet crashes into the central market in Kinshasa, Zaire killing more than 350
• 1997 – Mister Rogers receives a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
• 1998 – Ramzi Yousef is sentenced to life in prison for planning the World Trade Center bombing and for planning Project Bojinka.
• 1999 – Cosmologists announce that the expansion rate of the universe is increasing.
• 2003 – US Airways flight 5481 crashes at Charlotte-Douglas International Airport in Charlotte, North Carolina killing all 21 people aboard.
• 2004 – Queen Elizabeth names the Queen Mary II cruise liner, the largest passenger ship ever built.

Births

• 1556 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1623)
• 1628 – François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, duc de Luxembourg, French general (d. 1695)
• 1735 – John Carroll, first Roman Catholic Archbishop in the U.S. (d. 1815)
• 1763 – Edmond Charles Genêt, French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution (d. 1834)
• 1786 – Nicholas Biddle, President of the Second Bank of the United States (d. 1844)
• 1805 – Orson Hyde, American religious leader (d. 1878)
• 1821 – James Longstreet, America Confederate general (d. 1904)
• 1821 – W.H.L. Wallace, American Civil War brigadier general(North) {d. 1862)
• 1823 – Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist and biologist (d. 1913)
• 1824 – Wilkie Collins, British novelist (d. 1889)
• 1867 – Emily Greene Balch, American writer, pacifist 1946 (d. 1961)
• 1870 – Miguel Primo de Rivera, dictator of Spain (d. 1930)
• 1881 – Willy Piper, aviation pioneer (d. 1970)
• 1885 – John Curtin, fourteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1945)
• 1891 – Walther Bothe, German physicist (d. 1957)
• 1908 – William Hartnell, British actor (1975)
• 1909 – Willy Millowitsch, German actor (d. 1999)
• 1909 – Evelyn Wood, American educator (d. 1995)
• 1910 – Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova, dancer (d. 1988)
• 1912 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1992)
• 1923 – Larry Storch, American actor
• 1924 – Ron Moody, English actor
• 1925 – Gerald Durrell, British naturalist and writer (d. 1995)
• 1925 – James Saunders, dramatist
• 1926 – Evelyn Lear, American soprano
• 1926 – Soupy Sales, American comedian
• 1926 – Hanae Mori, Japanese fashion designer
• 1926 – Kerwin Mathews, American actor
• 1928 – Sander Vanocur, journalist
• 1931 – Bill Graham, German rock music entrepreneur (d. 1991)
• 1933 – Charles Osgood, American journalist, commentator
• 1934 – Alexandra Ripley, writer (d. 2004)
• 1934 – Roy Kinnear, English actor (1988)
• 1934 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (d. 1987)
• 1935 – Elvis Presley, American singer and guitarist (d. 1977)
• 1937 – Shirley Bassey, Welsh singer
• 1937 – John Hume, Northern Ireland politician
• 1938 – Bob Eubanks, American game show host
• 1941 – Graham Chapman, British comedian (d. 1989)
• 1941 – Boris Vallejo, illustrator
• 1942 – Stephen Hawking, English theoretical physicist and author
• 1942 – Junichiro Koizumi, Japanese politician
• 1942 – Yvette Mimieux, American actress
• 1942 – George Passmore, English artist, half of Gilbert and George
• 1946 – Robby Krieger, American musician ("The Doors")
• 1947 – David Bowie, English rock artist
• 1947 – Samuel Schmid, member of the Swiss Federal Council
• 1947 – Laurie Walters, American actress
• 1949 – Wolfgang Puck, Austrian celebrity chef
• 1953 – Bruce Sutter, American baseball relief pitcher
• 1959 – Paul Hester, Australian drummer
• 1961 – Calvin Smith, American athlete
• 1966 – Andrew Wood, musician (d. 1990)
• 1967 – Michelle Forbes, American actress
• 1969 – R. Kelly, American R&B singer
• 1971 – Jason Giambi, American Major League Baseball player
• 1973 – Sean Paul, Jamaican reggae singer
• 1973 – Mark Knight, aka the madfiddler. Video game composer, sound designer and electric violin player
• 1978 – Marco Fu, Hong Kong snooker player

Deaths

• 482  – Saint Severinus, monk
• 1107 – King Edgar of Scotland (b. ca. 1072)
• 1198 – Pope Celestine III (b. ca. 1106)
• 1324 – Marco Polo Italian explorer (b. 1254)
• 1642 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist (b. 1564)
• 1713 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian composer (b. 1653)
• 1775 – John Baskerville, English printer, typefounder (b. 1706)
• 1880 – Joshua A. Norton, "Emperor Norton I of the United States of America" (b. 1811)
• 1896 – Paul Verlaine, French poet (b. 1844)
• 1941 – Lord Robert Baden-Powell, English soldier, writer, founder of Scouting (b. 1857)
• 1956 – Jim Elliot, American Christian martyr]] and missionary to Ecuador (b. 1928)
• 1958 – Paul Pilgrim, American athlete
• 1969 – Albert Hill, British athlete
• 1972 – Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter (b. 1911)
• 1975 – Richard Tucker, American tenor (b. 1913)
• 1976 – Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (b. 1898)
• 1980 – John Mauchly, American physicist, computer engineer (b. 1907)
• 1981 – Matthew "Stymie" Beard, American actor (b. 1925)
• 1982 – Reta Shaw, American actress
• 1986 – Pierre Fournier, French cellist (b. 1906)
• 1989 – Bruce Chatwin, English novelist (b. 1940)
• 1990 – Terry-Thomas, British actor, comedian (b. 1911)
• 1991 – Steve Clark, Def Leppard guitarist
• 1994 – Pat Buttram, American actor
• 1996 – François Mitterrand, President of France (b. 1916)
• 1997 – Melvin Calvin, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 1998 – Michael Tippett, English composer (b. 1905)
• 2000 – Fritz Thiedemann, German equestrianist (b. 1918)
• 2002 – Dave Thomas, American fast food entrepreneur (b. 1932)
• 2002 – Alexander Prochorow, Russian physicist (b. 1916)
• 2003 – Ron Goodwin, British film music composer and conductor
• 2004 – John A. Gambling, American radio talk-show host (b. 1930)
• 2005 – Warren Spears, choreographer and dancer
• 2005 – Michel Thomas, Polish linguist and teacher (b. 1914)

Holidays and observances

External links

• BBC: On This Day

January 7 – January 9 – December 8 – February 8 — listing of all days