Hajdú-Bihar

Hajdú-Bihar is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Békés. The capital of Hajdú-Bihar county is Debrecen. Pronounce it: Huydoo-Bihar.

Hajdú-Bihar county was created after World War II from the pre-1938 counties Hajdú and Bihar (partly).

Geography

The terrain of the county doesn't show a unit. The features of the neighbouring areas appear in the nature view. So the sand-hills of Nyírség spread over the borders and form the land in the north-east. The western part is the Hortobágy, a great flat area of the country.

The county of Hajdú-Bihar occupies the eastern part of Hungary. Most of its territory is absolutely flat and is part of the Grand Plain region. The highest point hardly rises over 170,5 metres in the north. It seems that the county slopes to the south because the lowest point is situated in this part of Hajdú-Bihar and hits the 85 metres highth (or properly "lowth").

The wind and the nearby rivers formed and shaped the land for thousands of years. First the area of the present Hungary was occupied by an inland sea. Then, after some underground movement, the huge peaks of the Carpathians rised from this sea. The wild and rapid rivers of the mountains slowly made that inland sea disappear. After the great Hungarian plains were formed by the alluvial deposits of the rivers, the wind began to work and from the great rocks became smaller and smaller sand-grains, the socalled loess. This covers thickly the Hajdú-Bihar plains as well and ensures good crop in the agriculture.

There are two great rivers in this area, the Tisza (pronounce Teesa) and the Körös (pronounce: Kerresh). The Hortobágy part was formed by the first one. It used to be the flood area of the Tisza river and after it was controlled the Hortobágy went dry. That's why the special fauna developed in the Hortobágy.

History

Economy

Infrastructure

Roads and motorways

The No. 4, 33, 35, 42 and 47 roads are leading to the county and driving along the M3 motorway you can also reach Hajdú-Bihar. The total length of the public roads in the county is 1511 km. 122 road bridges span the rivers and canals. The roads cross the national borders to Romania in the city of Ártánd and Nyírábrány.

Railways

Aviation

Water traffic

Agriculture

Industry

Foreign trade

Culture

Literature and art

Theatre, music and programs

Folk art, handicraft

Monuments

Religious life

Tourism

Gastronomy

Sport

Settlements

City with county rights

• Debrecen

Towns

(Range after names)

• Bagamér
• Balmazújváros
• Berettyóújfalu
• Biharkeresztes
• Csökmő
• Derecske
• Egyek
• Földes
• Hajdúböszörmény
• Hajdúdorog
• Hajdúhadház
• Hajdúnánás
• Hajdúsámson
• Hajdúszoboszló
• Hosszúpályi
• Kaba
• Komádi
• Létavértes
• Nádudvar
• Nagyrábé
• Nyírábrány
• Nyíradony
• Pocsaj
• Polgár
• Püspökladány
• Sárrétudvari
• Téglás
• Tiszacsege
• Vámospércs

Villages