Dickinson W. Richards

Dr. Dickinson Woodruff Richards Jr (October 30, 1895 – February 23, 1973) was an American physician and physiologist. He was a co-reciepient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1956 with André F. Cournand and Werner Forssmann for the development of cardiac catheterization and characterisation of a number of cardiac diseases.

Richards was born in Orange, New Jersey, he was educated at the Hotchkiss School in Connecticut, and entered Yale University in 1913. At Yale he studied English and Greek, graduating with an A.B degree in 1917. He also joined the United States Army in 1917, when he had completed his studies he became an artillery instructor and he served 1918 – 1919 as an artillery officer in France.

When he returned to the United States, Richards attended Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating with an M.A. in 1922 and his M.D. degree in 1923. He was on the staff of the Presbyterian Hospital, New York until 1927, when he went to England to work at the National Institute for Medical Research, London, under Sir Henry Dale, control of circulation in the liver.

In 1928 Richards returned to the Presbyterian Hospital and began his research on pulmonary and circulatory physiology, working under Professor Lawrence Joseph Henderson of Harvard. He began collaborations with André Cournand at Bellevue Hostital, New York, working on pulmonary function. Initially their research focussed on methods to sutdy pulmonary function in patients with pulmonary disease.

Their next area of research was the development of a technique for catheterization of the heart. Using this technique they were able to study and characterise traumatic shock, the physiology of heart failure, they could measure of the actions of cardiac drugs, and various forms of dysfunction in chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases and their treatment, and develop techniques for the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. For this work he, André Cournand and Werner Forssmann, were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for 1956.

In 1945 Richards moved his lab to Bellevue Hospital, New York, in 1947 he was made the Lambert Professor of Medicine at Columbia University. During his Career he also served as an advisor to Merck, Sharp and Dohme Company, he edited the Merck Manual. Richards retired from his positions at Bellevue and Columbia in 1961.

Richards received many other honors, including the John Phillips Memorial Award of the American College of Physicians in 1960, the Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur in 1963, the Trudeau Medal in 1968, and the Kober Medal of the Association of American Physicians in 1970.

He passed away in Lakeville, Connecticut.

Reference

• Fishman, Alfred P. Richards, Dickinson Woodruff. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000.
• Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942–1962, Dickinson W. Richards, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964