By-product
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A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a manufacturing process or chemical reaction, and is not the primary product or service being produced. A by-product can be useful and marketable, or it can have severe ecological consequences.
Major by-products
- asphalt – from the refining of crude oil
- corn stover – residual plant matter after harvesting of grain
- acidulated soap stock – from the refining of edible oil
- meat and bone meal – from the rendering of animal bones and offal
- glycerol – from the production of biodiesel
- lanolin – from the cleaning of wool
- chrome shavings – from a stage of leather manufacture
- slag – from ore refining
- feathers – from poultry processing
- whey – from cheese manufacturing
- manure – from livestock husbandry
- molasses – from sugar refining
- dried blood and blood meal – from slaughterhouse operations
- dried distiller's grains – from ethanol fermentation
- sawdust – from lumber mills
- rice hulls –
- poultry litter – swept from the floors of chicken coops