Aelia Capitolina
Aelia Capitolina was a city built by the emperor Hadrian in the year 131, and occupied by a Roman colony, on the site of Jerusalem, which was in ruins when he visited his Syrian dominions.
"Aelia" was Hadrian's gens name, "Capitolina" meant that the new city was dedicated to Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built on the site of the Jewish temple. The establishment of Aelia Capitolina resulted in the failed Bar Kokhba's revolt of 132-135.
This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.