October 9

October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in Leap years). There are 83 days remaining.

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Events

• 1000 – Leif Ericson discovers Vinland, becoming the first known European to set foot in North America.
• 1238 – James I of Aragon conquered Valencia and founded the Kingdom of Valencia.
• 1446 – The Hangul alphabet is created in Korea.
• 1514 – marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor
• 1582 – Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1635 – Founder of Rhode Island Roger Williams is banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he spoke out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.
• 1701 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
• 1776 – Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.
• 1812 – War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships; the HMS Detroit and the HMS Caledonia.
• 1820 – Guayaquil declared independence from Spain.
• 1831 – Capo d'Istria was assassinated.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook – Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.
• 1871 – The Great Chicago Fire is brought under control.
• 1874 – General Postal Union was created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
• 1888 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
• 1914 – World War I: Siege of Antwerp – Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
• 1919 – Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds "win" the World Series.
• 1936 – Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to transmit electricity from the Colorado River 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
• 1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain – During a nighttime air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral is pierced by a bomb.
• 1942 – Statute of Westminster Adoption Act formalizes Australian autonomy.
• 1944 – World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin begin a nine-day conference in Moscow to discuss the future of Europe.
• 1957 – Neil H. McElroy was sworn in as the 6th Secretary of Defense of United States.
• 1963 – Uganda becomes a republic.
• 1963  – In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.
• 1967 – A day after being caught, Che Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
• 1969 – In Chicago, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection to the trial of the "Chicago Eight" (trial started on September 24).
• 1969 – Students from the University of the Philippines formed the first Upsilonian Congress and established the Upsiloan Alpha Beta Grand Fraternity in Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
• 1970 – The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
• 1986 – United States District Court Judge Harry E. Claiborne becomes the fifth federal official to be removed from office through impeachment.
• 1989 – An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
• 1989  – In Leipzig, East Germany, 70,000 protesters demand the legalization of opposition groups and democratic reforms.
• 1991 – Ecuador becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1992 – A 13 kilogram (est.) meteorite landed in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu.
• 2002 – After losing a massive amount of ground during the summer of 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed at 7,286.27, its lowest level in five years. The NASDAQ also hit a six-year low of 1,114.11.
• 2004 – Jo Brauner resign as the anchor of German Tagesschau news show after 30 years.
• 2004 – Democratic elections held for the first time in Afghanistan.
• 2004 – The tri-annual federal election is held in Australia and Liberal Party of Australia leader, John Howard, wins a fourth term as Prime Minister in a landslide victory over opponent, Mark Latham of the Australian Labor Party.

Births

• 1201 – Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (d. 1274)
• 1261 – King Dinis of Portugal (d. 1325)
• 1585 – Heinrich Schütz, German composer (d. 1672)
• 1586 – Archduke Leopold V of Austria, regent of Tyrol (d. 1632)
• 1757 – King Charles X of France (d. 1836)
• 1796 – Joseph Bonomi the Younger, English Egyptologist (d. 1878)
• 1835 – Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer (d. 1921)
• 1852 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
• 1859 – Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (d. 1935)
• 1873 – Charles Walgreen, American entrepreneur (d. 1939)
• 1886 – Rube Marquard, baseball player (d. 1980)
• 1888 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician (d. 1938)
• 1890 – Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (d. 1944)
• 1892 – Ivo Andrić, Croatian writer (d. 1975)
• 1892  – Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian poet (d. 1941)
• 1900 – Alastair Sim, Scottish actor (d. 1976)
• 1907 – Quintin Hogg (Lord Hailsham), British politician (d. 2001)
• 1909 – Jacques Tati, French film maker (d. 1982)
• 1909  – Donald Coggan, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
• 1911 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer
• 1915 – Clifford M. Hardin, United States Secretary of Agriculture
• 1920 – Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
• 1923 – Fyvush Finkel, American actor
• 1928 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer
• 1937 – Brian Blessed, English actor
• 1938 – Heinz Fischer, Austrian politician
• 1940 – John Lennon, British musician and songwriter (The Beatles) (d. December 8, 1980)
• 1941 – Trent Lott, American politician
• 1944 – John Entwistle, British musician (The Who) (d. 2002)
• 1944 – Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician (d. 1987)
• 1948 – Jackson Browne, American musician
• 1952 – Sharon Osbourne, wife of Ozzy Osbourne
• 1953 – Tony Shalhoub, American actor
• 1954 – Scott Bakula, American television actor
• 1962 – Tommy Lee, American drummer
• 1969 – P.J. Harvey, English musician
• 1970 – Savannah, actress (d. 1994)
• 1970 – Annika Sörenstam, Swedish golfer
• 1971 – Michael Manna (Steven Richards), professional wrestler
• 1973 – Steven Burns, actor and musician
• 1975 – Sean Lennon, English musician, son of John Lennon and Yoko Ono

Deaths

• 1047 – Pope Clement II
• 1253 – Robert Grosseteste, English statesman and bishop
• 1562 – Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist (b. 1523)
• 1597 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Ashikaga shogun (b. 1537)
• 1793 – Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary (b. 1718)
• 1806 – Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer (b. 1731)
• 1924 – Valery Bryusov, Russian poet, novelist and critic (b. 1873)
• 1934 – King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (assassinated) (b. 1888)
• 1934 – Louis Barthou, French prime minister (assassinated) (b. 1862)
• 1941 – Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (b. 1900)
• 1955 – Theodor Cardinal Innitzer, Archbishop of Vienna (b. 1875)
• 1958 – Pope Pius XII (b. 1876)
• 1962 – Milan Vidmar, Slovene electrical engineer and chess player (b. 1885)
• 1967 – Che Guevara, Argentine revolutionary and guerilla leader (executed) (b. 1928)
• 1972 – Miriam Hopkins, American actress (b. 1902)
• 1974 – Oskar Schindler, German businessman (b. 1908)
• 1978 – Jacques Brel, Belgian musician (b. 1929)
• 1987 – Clare Boothe Luce, American diplomat (b. 1903)
• 1991 – Thalmus Rasulala, actor
• 1995 – Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1903)
• 1996 – Walter Kerr, American Broadway critic (b. 1913)
• 2000 – David Dukes, American actor (b. 1945)
• 2001 – Dagmar, American television personality (b. 1921)

Holidays

• Hangul Day – South Korea: celebrating the invention of Hangul, the native Korean phonetic alphabet.

External links

• BBC: On This Day

October 8 – October 10 – September 9 – November 9 – more historical anniversaries