December 9

December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 22 days remaining.

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Events

• 1793 – New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster
• 1824 – Battle of Ayacucho – Peru defeats Spain
• 1835 – The Army of the Republic of Texas captures San Antonio
• 1851 – First YMCA in North America established in Montreal, Quebec
• 1856 – Bushehr surrenders to the British.
• 1861 – Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War created by the U.S. Congress
• 1872 – P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first serving African American governor of a U.S. state
• 1888 – Herman Hollerith installs his computing device at the United States War Department
• 1897 – Marguerite Durand, a French stage actress, journalist, and a leading suffragette, founded the feminist daily newspaper, La Fronde.
• 1905 – Law separating church and state passed in France
• 1931 – Spain becomes a republic
• 1937 – Battle of Nanjing begins.
• 1940 – British Army attacks Italian forces in North Africa
• 1941 – China declares war on Japan, Germany, and Italy.
• 1945 – American General George S. Patton is injured in an automobile crash in occupied Germany. He died twelve days later.
• 1946 – Doctors' Trial: The trial for war crimes and crimes against humanity began for medical researchers involved in the horrors of Nazi human experimentation .
• 1950 – Harry Gold sentenced to thirty years in jail for stealing United States nuclear weapon secrets for the Soviet Union
• 1953 – General Electric announces that all Communist employees will be discharged from the company
• 1958 – John Birch Society founded.
• 1960 – Coronation Street first airs on televisions across the United Kingdom.
• 1961 – Adolf Eichmann found guilty of war crimes in Israel
• 1962 – Tanganyika becomes a republic
• 1982 – Norman Mayer threatens to blow up the Washington Monument, before being killed by United States Park Police.
• 1987 – First Intifada begins in the Gaza Strip and West Bank
• 1990 – Lech Wałęsa becomes the first directly elected president of Poland.
• 1991 – Recognizing Iraq as the aggressor of Iraq–Iran war
• 1992 – Separation of Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales is announced
• 1992 – US Marines land in Somalia
• 2001 – Professional wrestler Chris Jericho unifies top titles WWE Championship and WCW World Heavyweight Championship for the first time ever in San Diego, California at the WWE Vengeance pay-per-view.

Births

• 1165 – King Malcolm IV of Scotland
• 1594 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (d. 1632)
• 1608 – John Milton, English poet, writer (d. 1674)
• 1842 – Peter Kropotkin, Russian anarchist (d. 1921)
• 1868 – Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel prize winner in 1918.
• 1871 – Joe Kelley, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1943)
• 1876 – Berton Churchill, pioneer Hollywood actor (d. 1940)
• 1878 – Grand Duke Michael Romanov, Russian royalty (d. 1918)
• 1882 – Joaquín Turina, composer (d. 1949)
• 1885 – Grete Wiesenthal, dancer and choreographer (d. 1970)
• 1886 – Clarence Birdseye, frozen food pioneer (d. 1956)
• 1889 – Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish long-distance runner
• 1897 – Hermione Gingold, actress (d. 1987)
• 1898 – Emmett Kelly, circus clown (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Jean de Brunhoff, author (d. 1937)
• 1901 – Ödön von Horváth, dramatist and narrator (d. 1938)
• 1901  – Jean Mermoz, French aviator.
• 1902 – Margaret Hamilton, actress (d. 1985)
• 1905 – Dalton Trumbo, writer, member of the "Hollywood Ten" (d. 1976)
• 1906 – Grace Murray Hopper, computer pioneer (d. 1992)
• 1909 – Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., actor (d. 2000)
• 1911 – Lee J. Cobb, actor
• 1911  – Broderick Crawford, actor (d. 1986)
• 1912 – Tip O'Neill, former speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1994)
• 1915 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, opera singer
• 1916 – Kirk Douglas, actor and film producer
• 1922 – Redd Foxx, comedian, actor (d. 1991)
• 1926 – Jan Křesadlo, Czech emigre writer (d. 1995)
• 1927 – Pierre Henry, composer
• 1928 – Dick Van Patten, actor
• 1929 – John Cassavetes, actor and film director (d. 1989)
• 1929  – Bob Hawke, twenty-third Prime Minister of Australia
• 1930 – Buck Henry, actor, comedian, writer, director, producer
• 1933 – Morton Downey Jr., talk show host (d. 2001)
• 1934 – Dame Judi Dench actress
• 1934  – Junior Wells, musician (d. 1998)
• 1938 – Deacon Jones, American football star
• 1941 – Beau Bridges, actor
• 1941  – Dan Hicks, musician
• 1942 – Dick Butkus, American football player
• 1943 – Rick Danko, musician (The Band) (d. 1999)
• 1946 – Sonia Gandhi, Indian politician and president of the Indian National Congress (Congress Party).
• 1947 – Tom Daschle, American politician
• 1947  – Steve Owens, football player
• 1950 – Joan Armatrading, singer
• 1951 – Dominique Dropsy, French soccer player
• 1952 – Michael Dorn, actor (Star Trek: The Next Generation, Deep Space Nine)
• 1953 – John Malkovich, actor
• 1957 – Donny Osmond, entertainer
• 1962 – Felicity Huffman, actress (Magnolia, Sports Night, Desperate Housewives)
• 1964 – Paul Landers, guitarist for Rammstein
• 1967 – Joshua Bell, violinist
• 1968 – Kurt Angle, Olympic gold medalist in amateur wrestling, now WWE professional wrestler
• 1968  – Dave Harold, English snooker player
• 1969 – Jakob Dylan, musician
• 1969  – Bixente Lizarazu, French soccer player, world champion in 1998.
• 1972 – Tre Cool, musician (Green Day)
• 1972  – Fabrice Santoro, French tennis player.
• 1981 – Diya Mirza, Indian actress.
• 1982 – Vinnie Accardi, singer/guitarist Brand New

Deaths

• 1565 – Pope Pius IV
• 1669 – Pope Clement IX
• 1930 – Andrew "Rube" Foster, pioneer of Negro League baseball
• 1937 – Nils Gustaf Dalén, engineer, physicist
• 1964 – Dame Edith Sitwell, poet
• 1965 – Branch Rickey, baseball commissioner
• 1971 – Ralph Bunche, diplomat
• 1972 – Louella Parsons, gossip columnist
• 1995 – Toni Cade Bambara, author (b. 1939)
• 1996 – Mary Leakey, archeologist, anthropologist
• 1998 – Archie Moore, boxer
• 1998 – Shaughnessy Cohen
• 2002 – Stan Rice, painter, educator, poet, husband of author Anne Rice
• 2003 – Paul Simon, U.S. Senator from Illinois
• 2004 – David Brudnoy, radio personality
• 2004 – Dimebag Darrell, musician
• 2004 – Lea De Mae, Czech pornographic actress

Holidays and observances

• Roman Empire – Opalia held in honor of Ops

• Scandinavia (specifically Sweden): Anna's Day. Recognizes everyone named Anna, and marks the day to start the preparation process of the lutefisk to be consumed on Christmas Eve.
• Tanzania – Independence Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day

December 8 – December 10 – November 9 – January 9 — listing of all days