April 3

April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining.

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Events

• 33 – Crucifixion of Jesus (traditional date)
• 1559 – The treaty, Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
• 1860 – The first successful Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California is started (completed on April 13).
• 1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the break-away Confederate States of America.
• 1882 – American Old West outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back and killed in Saint Joseph, Missouri by Robert Ford for a $5,000 reward.
• 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
• 1895 – The libel trial instigated by Oscar Wilde against the Marquess of Queensbury begins, eventually resulting in Wilde's arrest, trial and imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
• 1922 – Joseph Stalin succeeds Vladimir Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union.
• 1936 – Richard Bruno Hauptmann is executed for the kidnapping and death of Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, the baby son of Anne and world-famous pilot Charles Lindbergh.
• 1941 – Hungarian and German troops march into Yugoslavia.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an all-out assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula. Bataan fell on April 9 and the Bataan Death March began.
• 1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed outside Manila in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
• 1948 – President Harry Truman signs the Marshall Plan which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
• 1953 – TV Guide debuts.
• 1955 – The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg's book Howl against obscenity charges.
• 1968 – Elvis Presley sings Heartbreak Hotel on the Milton Berle Show with an estimated 25% of the United States population viewing.
• 1968 – Simon and Garfunkel release the critically acclaimed album Bookends.
• 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "mountaintop" speech.
• 1969 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – U.S. Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird announces that the United States will start to "Vietnamize" the war effort.
• 1971 – In Dublin, Ireland, Séverine wins the sixteenth Eurovision Song Contest for Monaco singing "Un banc, un arbre, une rue" (A bench, a tree, a street).
• 1973 – The first ever Mobile phone call is placed by Martin Cooper, in New York City
• 1974 – The Super Outbreak occurred. 148 tornadoes affected 13 states and 1 Canadian province in 18 hours. It was the biggest tornado outbreak in the planet's recorded history. 315 people die, nearly 5,500 are injured.
• 1975 – Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title.
• 1976 – In The Hague, Netherlands, Brotherhood of Man wins the twenty-first Eurovision Song Contest for the United Kingdom singing "Save Your Kisses For Me".
• 1986 – IBM unveils the PC Convertible, their first laptop computer.
• 1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.
• 1996 – An Air Force air transport carrying United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown crashes in Croatia, killing all 35 on-board.
• 1997 – Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but 1 of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
• 2000 – United States v. Microsoft: Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
• 2004 – Islamist terrorists involved in the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves with explosives.
• 2005 – First OXBL Event in Canada played in London, Ontario, with over 100 participants.

Births

• 1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
• 1593 – George Herbert, English poet and orator (d. 1633)
• 1693 – George Edwards, naturalist (d. 1773)
• 1769 – Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)
• 1783 – Washington Irving, American author (d. 1859)
• 1814 – Lorenzo Snow, 5th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1901)
• 1822 – Edward Everett Hale, American writer, (d. 1909)
• 1823 – William Marcy Tweed, American political boss (d. 1878)
• 1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
• 1885 – Allan Dwan, Canadian-born film director (d. 1981)
• 1893 – Leslie Howard, actor (d. 1943)
• 1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian composer (d. 1968)
• 1898 – George Jessel, comedian (d. 1981)
• 1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher (d. 1967)
• 1903 – Peter Huchel, lyricist and author of radio plays (d. 1981)
• 1904 – Iron Eyes Cody, actor (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005)
• 1916 – Herb Caen, newspaper columnist (d. 1997)
• 1921 – Jan Sterling, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Marlon Brando, actor (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Doris Day, actress
• 1925 – Tony Benn, British politician
• 1926 – Gus Grissom, astronaut (d. 1967)
• 1928 – Don Gibson, American country musician (d. 2003)
• 1929 – Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese actress
• 1930 – Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida
• 1930 – Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany
• 1934 – Jane Goodall, zoologist
• 1936 – Jimmy McGriff, jazz musician
• 1941 – Eric Braeden, actor
• 1941 – Philippe Wynne, musician (d. 1984)
• 1941 – Jan Berry, American musician (Jan and Dean) (d. 2004)
• 1942 – Marsha Mason, actress
• 1942 – Wayne Newton, singer
• 1942 – Billy Joe Royal, American singer
• 1943 – Jonathan Lynn, British actor and comedy writer
• 1943 – Richard Manuel, Canadian musician and songwriter (d. 1986)
• 1944 – Tony Orlando, musician
• 1948 – Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico
• 1949 – Richard Thompson, musician, songwriter
• 1949 – Lyle Alzado, American football player
• 1956 – Ray Combs, game show host and comedian (d. 1996)
• 1958 – Alec Baldwin, actor
• 1959 – David Hyde Pierce, actor
• 1961 – Eddie Murphy, actor and comedian
• 1962 – Mike Ness, musician (Social Distortion)
• 1964 – Bjarne Riis, cyclist
• 1968 – Sebastian Bach, musician (Skid Row)
• 1968 – Charlotte Coleman, British actress (d. 2001)
• 1972 – Jennie Garth, American actress
• 1975 – Michael Olowokandi, basketball player
• 1979 – Simon Black, Australian Rules footballer
• 1986 – Amanda Bynes, actress and show host

Deaths

• 963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
• 1287 – Pope Honorius IV (b. c. 1210)
• 1682 – Bartolomé Estéban Murillo, Spanish painter (b. 1618)
• 1680 – Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (b. 1630)
• 1868 – Franz Berwald, composer (b. 1796)
• 1882 – Jesse James, American outlaw (b. 1847)
• 1897 – Johannes Brahms, German composer (b. 1833)
• 1901 – Richard D'Oyly Carte, British impresario (b. 1844)
• 1932 – Wilhelm Ostwald, chemist (b. 1853)
• 1936 – Bruno Hauptmann, killer of Charles Lindbergh Jr. (b. 1899)
• 1950 – Kurt Weill, German composer (b. 1900)
• 1971 – Joseph Valachi, gangster (b. 1904)
• 1972 – Ferde Grofé, American composer (b. 1882)
• 1982 – Warren Oates, American character actor (b. 1928)
• 1986 – Richard Manuel, musician (The Band)
• 1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor (b. 1910)
• 1987 – Tom Sestak, American football player (b. 1936)
• 1990 – Sarah Vaughn, jazz singer (b. 1924)
• 1991 – Graham Greene, writer (b. 1904)
• 1991 – Charles Goren, bridge player, writer, and columnist (b. 1901)
• 1993 – Pinky Lee, children's television host (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Ron Brown, U.S. Secretary of Commerce (b. 1941)
• 1996 – Carl Stokes, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (b. 1927)
• 1998 – Rob Pilatus, entertainer (Milli Vanilli)
• 2000 – Terence McKenna, American writer and philosopher
• 2005 – Tony Croatto (b. 1940)

Holidays and observances

External links

• BBC: On This Day

April 2 – April 4 – March 3 – May 3 — listing of all days