1881

Years:
1878 1879 1880 – 1881 – 1882 1883 1884

Decades:
1850s 1860s 1870s – 1880s – 1890s 1900s 1910s

Centuries:
18th century – 19th century – 20th century

1881 in topic:
Arts
Architecture - Art - Literature - Music
Other topics
Canada – Rail transport - Science - South Africa – Sport

Lists of leaders:
Colonial governors - State leaders

1881 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).

Events

January 16-24 ? Siege of Geok Tepe ? Russian troops under general Skobeleff defeat Turkomans
January 25 – Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company
February 5 – Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated.
February 13 – First issue of the feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is published by Hubertine Auclert.
February 19 – Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.
March 4 – Rutherford Birchard Hayes is succeeded as President of the United States by James Abram Garfield.
March 13 – Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him.
March 16 – Fenian dynamiters hit Mansion House in London.

May 12 – In North Africa, Tunisia becomes a French protectorate.
May 21 – The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton.
May 21 – The United States Tennis Association is established by a small group of tennis club members.
June 12 – The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.
July 1 – General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell-Childers reforms of the British Army's organisation, came into effect.
July 2 – James Abram Garfield, President of the United States is shot by lawyer Charles Julius Guiteau. He survives the assassination attempt but he suffers from infection of his wound.
July 4 – In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
July 20 – Indian Wars: Sioux chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana.

September 19 – James Abram Garfield, President of the United States dies due to an infected wound caused by an assassins bullet and is succeeded by Vice President Chester Alan Arthur.
October 26 – Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA.
October 29 – The Judge (US magazine) first published.
November 19 – A meteorite struck earth near the village of Großliebenthal, a few kilometers southwest of Odessa, the Ukraine.
December 8 – At least 620 die in fire at Ring Theatre, Vienna

Founding of the Pali Text Society
University College Dublin is established in Ireland
The United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) is founded, and the first U.S. Tennis Championships are played.
Founding of the League of the Three Emperors
London Evening News begins publication
Some Vatican archives opened to scholars for the first time
Abilene, Texas is founded.
Leyton Orient F.C. is Founded

January 6 – Sam Rayburn, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1961)
January 9 – Lascelles Abercrombie, English poet and critic (d. 1938)
January 16 – Sir Arthur Percy Morris Fleming, radio pioneer
February 12 – Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931)
March 12 – Kemal Atatürk, first President of Turkey (d. 1938)
March 25 – Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (d. 1945)
March 25 – Mary Gladys Webb, English writer (d. 1927)
May 1 – Mary MacLane, Canadian-born feminist writer (d. 1929)
June 17 – Tommy Burns, Canadian-born boxer (d. 1955)
July 30 – Smedley Butler, U.S. general (d. 1940)
August 6 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (d. 1955)
August 19 – Georges Enescu, Romanian composer (d. 1955)
September 8 – Harry Hillman, American athlete (d. 1945)
October 11 – Hans Kelsen, Austrian legal theorist (d. 1973)
October 15 – P. G. Wodehouse, English-born writer (d. 1975)
October 25 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter (d. 1973)
November 14 – Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film studio executive (d. 1969)
November 24 – Al Christie, Canadian-born director and producer (d. 1951)
November 25 – Pope John XXIII (d. 1963)
William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1944)

Categories: 1881