September 14

September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years). There are 108 days remaining.

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Events

• 786 – Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi
• 1752 – The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (September 2 was followed directly by September 14 this year)
• 1812 – Russian army burns Moscow to prevent Napoleon from capturing it
• 1814 – Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner.
• 1847 – Winfield Scott captures Mexico City
• 1886 – Typewriter ribbon patented.
• 1901 – President of the United States William McKinley dies after an assassination attempt.
• 1901 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes President of the United States.
• 1917 – Republican government declared in Russia
• 1923 – Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain
• 1944 – United States Marines land on the island of Peleliu
• 1948 – Groundbreaking for the United Nations headquarters in New York City
• 1958 – Two rockets of the German engineer Ernst Mohr reach as first German post-war rockets the upper atmosphere
• 1959 – The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it.
• 1960 – The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.
• 1964 – The opening of the third period of Second Vatican Council
• 1965 – The opening of the fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council
• 1975 – The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI
• 1984 – Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a hot air balloon solo across the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1999 – Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.
• 2000 – Juan Antonio Samaranch leaves the presidency of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), after 20 years.
• 2003 – Sweden rejects adopting the Euro in a referendum. (Results.)
• 2003  – Estonia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.
• 2004 – Canada wins the 2004 World cup of Hockey.

Births

• 1547 – Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (d. 1619)
• 1760 – Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (d. 1842)
• 1769 – Alexander von Humboldt, German naturalist and explorer (d. 1859)
• 1804 – John Gould, English ornithologist
• 1849 – Ivan Pavlov, scientist (d. 1936)
• 1867 – Charles Dana Gibson, artist (d. 1944)
• 1879 – Margaret Sanger, birth control advocate (d. 1966)
• 1880 – Archie Hahn, American athlete
• 1886 – Jan Masaryk, Czech foreign minister and diplomat
• 1898 – Hal B. Wallis, film producer (d. 1986)
• 1899 – José Mojica, Mexican singer and film actor (d. 1974)
• 1909 – Peter Scott, naturalist, artist, and explorer (d. 1989)
• 1913 – Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (d. 1971)
• 1914- Lída Baarová, Czech actress (d. 2000 )
• 1941 – Clayton Moore, actor (d. 1999)
• 1918 – Israel López (Cachao), Cuban musician
• 1920 – Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer
• 1921 – Ruth Brooks Flippen, television writer (d. 1981)
• 1923 – Bud Palmer, sports reporter
• 1926 – Alejandro Ulloa, Spanish cinematographer
• 1933 – Zoe Caldwell, actress
• 1933 – Harve Presnell, actor
• 1934 – Kate Millett, feminist writer
• 1936 – Walter Koenig, actor
• 1938 – Nicol Williamson, actor
• 1940 – Larry Brown, basketball coach
• 1941 – Alberto Naranjo, Venezuelan musician
• 1947 – Sam Neill, actor
• 1949 – Eikichi Yazawa, Japanese rock singer
• 1951 – Arrigo Barnabé, Brazilian composer
• 1959 – Mary Frances, actress
• 1959 – Morten Harket, singer (a-ha)
• 1968 – Michelle Stafford, actress
• 1971 – Kimberly Williams, actress
• 1973 – Nas, rap music singer
• 1974 – Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan athlete
• 1984 – Adam Lamberg, actor

Deaths

• 258 – Cyprian, Christian writer
• 775 – Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor
• 786 – Al-Hadi, Abbasid caliph
• 891 – Pope Stephen V
• 1214 – Albert Avogadro, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
• 1321 – Dante Alighieri, Italian author (b. 1265)
• 1404 – Duke Albert IV of Austria
• 1523 – Pope Adrian VI (b. 1459)
• 1638 – John Harvard, American clergyman (b. 1607)
• 1836 – Aaron Burr, Vice President of the United States (b. 1756)
• 1851 – James Fenimore Cooper, American author (b. 1789)
• 1852 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and Prime Minister
• 1886 – Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard
• 1898 – William Seward Burroughs, inventor
• 1899 – Henry Bliss, first American automobile fatality
• 1901 – William McKinley, President of the United States
• 1927 – Isadora Duncan, dancer (b. 1877)
• 1936 – Irving Thalberg, film producer
• 1960 – Sir Arthur Percy Morris Fleming, radar pioneer
• 1965 – J.W. Hearne English cricketer (b. 1891)
• 1966 – Gertrude Berg, actress
• 1974 – Warren Hull, actor, (b. 1903)
• 1982 – Bachir Gemayel, President-elect of Lebanon
• 1982 – Princess Grace of Monaco, American actress
• 1982 – John Gardner, American novelist
• 1984 – Janet Gaynor, Academy Award-winning actress
• 1989 – Dámaso Pérez Prado, Cuban musician (b. 1916)
• 1996 – Juliet Prowse, actress, dancer (b. 1937)
• 2000 – Beah Richards, actress

Holidays and observances

• Roman Catholicism-Exaltation of the Holy Cross (compare May 3- Finding of the Holy Cross).
• Eastern Orthodox Church Exaltation of the Cross, which commemorates the discovery of the (allegedly) original Christian cross in 326 by Helena, mother of Constantine.
• In the Irish calendar the Wednesday, Friday and Saturday following Sept. 14 were observed as Quarter tense.
• In ancient Greece, the first day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, during which the sacred objects were brought from Eleusis to Athens.

External links

• BBC: On This Day

September 13 – September 15 – August 14 – October 14 – more historical anniversaries