October 13

October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years). There are 79 days remaining.

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Events

• 54 – Roman Empire emperor Claudius I dies after being poisoned by his wife Agrippina.
• 1307 – All Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into "admitting" heresy.
• 1582 – Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1775 – The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
• 1792 – In Washington, DC, the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818) is laid.
• 1812 – War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights – On the Niagara frontier in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaerof are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock.
• 1843 – In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
• 1845 – A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
• 1918 – Talaat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I
• 1943 – World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
• 1946 – France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
• 1960 – 1960 World Series: Baseballer Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run.
• 1962 – Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? opens on Broadway.
• 1972 – An Aeroflot Ilyushin-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176
• 1972 – Andes flight disaster: Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive, as chronicled in the 1993 film Alive: The Miracle of the Andes.
• 1976 – A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children killed on the ground)
• 1976 – The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
• 1977 – Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
• 1995 – Microsoft releases Windows 95.
• 1999 – The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
• 2003 – The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open-access scientific journal, PLoS Biology.

Births

• 1821 – Rudolf Virchow, German doctor, pathologist, biologist, and politician (d. 1902)
• 1853 – Lillie Langtry, actress
• 1862 – Mary Kingsley, English writer and explorer (d. 1900)
• 1876 – Rube Waddell, baseball star (d. 1914)
• 1909 – Art Tatum, jazz pianist (d. 1956)
• 1909 – Herbert Block ("Herblock"), editorial cartoonist (d. 2001)
• 1910 – Ernest McGann, author (d. 1991)
• 1911 – Ashok Kumar, actor, India (d. 2001)
• 1915 – Cornel Wilde, actor (d. 1989)
• 1917 – Burr Tillstrom, puppeteer
• 1918 – Robert Walker, actor (d. 1951)
• 1921 – Yves Montand, singer, actor (d. 1991)
• 1924 – Nipsey Russell, comedian, actor, television personality
• 1925 – Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• 1925 – Lenny Bruce, comedian (d. 1966)
• 1931 – Eddie Mathews, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 2001)
• 1934 – Nana Mouskouri, Greek singer
• 1938 – Hugo Young, journalist (d. 2003)
• 1940 – Pharoah Sanders, jazz saxophonist
• 1941 – Paul Simon, musician
• 1942 – Jerry Jones, owner of the Dallas Cowboys
• 1946 – Edwina Currie, former British politician
• 1947 – Sammy Hagar, singer
• 1948 – Ted Poe, American politician
• 1953 – Pat Day, jockey
• 1954 – Mordechai Vanunu, Israeli nuclear technician imprisoned for revealing Israeli secrets
• 1959 – Marie Osmond, singer, actress, television personality
• 1962 – Jerry Rice, American football star
• 1969 – Nancy Kerrigan, figure skater
• 1971 – Sacha Baron Cohen, comic
• 1978 – Jermaine O'Neal, NBA basketball player
• 1980 – Ashanti, pop music artist, USA
• 1982 – Ian Thorpe, swimmer

Deaths

• 54 – Claudius, Roman Emperor
• 1812 – Sir Isaac Brock, British general (killed in battle)
• 1869 – Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (b. 1804)
• 1890 – Samuel Freeman Miller, U.S. Supreme Court justice (b. 1816)
• 1909 – Francisco Ferrer Guardia, Spanish free-thinker
• 1917 – Florence La Badie, pioneer actress
• 1919 – Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer (b. 1857)
• 1945 – Milton S. Hershey, American chocolate tycoon
• 1955 – Manuel Ávila Camacho, President of Mexico (b. 1897)
• 1966 – Clifton Webb, actor
• 1968 – Bea Benaderet, actress
• 1974 – Ed Sullivan, television personality
• 1979 – Rebecca Clarke, composer and violist
• 1990 – Le Duc Tho, Nobel Peace Prize recipient (b. 1911)
• 2002 – Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer
• 2003 – Bertram Brockhouse, Nobel Prize-winning Canadian physicist
• 2003 – Joan B. Kroc, American philanthropist

Holidays

• Roman Catholic Church – memorial feast day of Saint Gerald of Aurillac
• Roman Empire – festival dedicated to Fontus

External links

• BBC: On This Day

October 12 – October 14 – September 13 – November 13 – more historical anniversaries